State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecological Remediation, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060, China.
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 15;839:156239. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156239. Epub 2022 May 25.
Bisphenol analogues (BPs) are ubiquitous emerging contaminants in water environments and have wide polarity ranges (1.65 < log K < 7.2). Integrated passive sampling strategy rarely contains hydrophilic and hydrophobic organics simultaneously, while the method has good application perspective in monitoring organic contaminants. This work evaluated passive sampling performance for fifteen BPs in a newly developed passive sampler, i.e., hydrophilic-lipophilic balance sorbent-embedded cellulose acetate membrane (HECAM). In the dynamic accumulation experiments, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic BPs (including moderately hydrophilic BPs) well followed first-order kinetic uptake in the HECAMs. The estimated uptake rate constants, elimination rate constants, and equilibrium partition coefficients for BPs ranged from 4.4 L g d to 14.7 L g d, 0.22 d to 0.72 d, and 3.99 to 4.64, respectively. The kinetic parameters for BPs in HECAM show limited correlations to log K values, which the rule differs from traditional passive sampler. In the study of elimination kinetics, three deuterium labeled compounds showed incomplete elimination in HECAM and did not follow first-order isotropic exchange kinetics. Dual sorption mechanisms including both adsorption and partition were found for chemicals in HECAM, which the partitioned part could release to water and the adsorbed part could not easily release to water from HECAM. As a result, performance reference compounds (PRCs) calibration may be inapplicable to HLB sorbent-based passive sampler. The field deployment of HECAM in coastal waters of Guangdong, China resulted in the detection of eleven BPs, which indicated that the waters have been polluted by various BPs. Finally, monitoring strategy of simultaneous passive sampling hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic contaminants in surface waters was recommended.
双酚类化合物（BPs）是环境中普遍存在的新兴污染物，具有广泛的极性范围（1.65 < log K < 7.2）。集成的被动采样策略很少同时包含亲水性和疏水性有机物，而该方法在监测有机污染物方面具有良好的应用前景。本工作评估了十五种 BP 在新开发的被动采样器——亲脂-亲水平衡吸附剂嵌入醋酸纤维素膜（HECAM）中的被动采样性能。在动态积累实验中，亲水性和疏水性 BP（包括中等亲水性 BP）在 HECAMs 中均遵循一级动力学吸收。BP 的估计吸收速率常数、消除速率常数和平衡分配系数范围分别为 4.4 L g d 至 14.7 L g d、0.22 d 至 0.72 d 和 3.99 至 4.64。HECAM 中 BP 的动力学参数与 log K 值的相关性有限，这与传统的被动采样器规则不同。在消除动力学研究中，三种氘标记化合物在 HECAM 中表现出不完全消除，且不遵循一级各向同性交换动力学。HECAM 中的化学物质存在两种吸附机制，包括吸附和分配，其中分配部分可释放到水中，吸附部分不易从 HECAM 中释放到水中。因此，性能参考化合物（PRCs）校准可能不适用于 HLB 吸附剂基被动采样器。HECAM 在广东沿海地区的实地部署检测到了十一种 BP，表明这些水域已受到各种 BP 的污染。最后，建议采用同时被动采样疏水性和亲水性有机污染物的监测策略。
