Anaya-Loyola Miriam A, Brito Alex, Brown Kenneth H, Allen Lindsay H
Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, México.
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2020 Oct;90(5-6):395-402. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000583. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
Vitamin B12 (B12) plays in an important role in the development and function of the brain and nervous system, and adequate B12 status is especially important for the normal development of infants. In previous research conducted in Guatemala City we reported a high prevalence of B12 deficiency in lactating women and their infants 3 and 12 months of age, and low B12 concentrations in breast milk. The objective of this study was to assess predictors of serum B12 concentration in predominantly breastfed Guatemalan infants including intake of B12 from breast milk and other foods. Serum B12, breast milk and other food intakes, anthropometry, morbidity and socioeconomic status were assessed in infants 6.7 ± 0.6 months of age (n = 127, 52% female) in peri-urban Guatemala City. Twenty-four percent of infants had deficient B12 status (serum B12 concentration < 148 pmol/L) and 37% had marginal B12 status (148-220 pmol/L). Serum B12 concentrations were negatively correlated with infants' consumption of energy from breast milk (r = -0.37, p = 0.001), and positively correlated with their total consumption of animal source foods, especially cow's milk (r = 0.40, p = 0.001). Based on previously analyzed breast milk B12 concentrations in a nearby community, breast milk provided < 10% of the recommended daily B12 intake for this age. We conclude that there was a high prevalence of B12 deficiency in these Guatemalan infants by 6 months of age. Serum B12 was higher in infants consuming more cow's milk and lower in those consuming more breast milk.
维生素B12（B12）在大脑和神经系统的发育及功能中发挥着重要作用，充足的B12水平对婴儿的正常发育尤为重要。在危地马拉城进行的先前研究中，我们报告了哺乳期妇女及其3个月和12个月大婴儿中B12缺乏的高患病率，以及母乳中B12浓度较低的情况。本研究的目的是评估主要以母乳喂养的危地马拉婴儿血清B12浓度的预测因素，包括母乳和其他食物中B12的摄入量。对危地马拉城周边地区6.7±0.6个月大的婴儿（n = 127，52%为女性）进行了血清B12、母乳和其他食物摄入量、人体测量、发病率和社会经济状况的评估。24%的婴儿B12水平不足（血清B12浓度<148 pmol/L），37%的婴儿B12水平处于边缘状态（148 - 220 pmol/L）。血清B12浓度与婴儿从母乳中获取的能量消耗呈负相关（r = -0.37，p = 0.001），与动物源性食物的总消耗量呈正相关，尤其是牛奶（r = 0.40，p = 0.001）。根据附近社区先前分析的母乳B12浓度，母乳提供的B12摄入量低于该年龄推荐每日摄入量的10%。我们得出结论，这些危地马拉婴儿在6个月大时B12缺乏的患病率很高。饮用更多牛奶的婴儿血清B12水平较高，而饮用更多母乳的婴儿血清B12水平较低。
