Yu Fang, Wang Tao, Guo Qiao-Sheng, Zou Qing-Jun, Zhang Ya-Jing, Han Zheng-Zhou, Wei Min, Liu Hui-Hui
Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095,China.
Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. Shenzhen 518110,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2019 Feb;44(4):636-640. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180726.020.
To provide theoretical basis for the formation of Chrysanthemum indicum resource and quality,the differences in biology,ecology,yield and quality of Ch. indicum population in the wild tending,the cultivated and the wild were analyzed and compared in this study. The results showed that in the aspect of biology,there was no significant difference between the condition of wild tending and cultivated Ch. indicum at the height of plant,both were significantly higher than wild Ch. indicum. In the aspect of ecology,in the condition of wild tending is less likely to occur water logging than cultivated Ch. indicum. In the condition of wild tending is less likely to occur plant diseases and insect pests than Ch. indicum in the condition of wild. In the aspect of production,the average output of the sample of the condition of wild tending was significantly higher than that the condition of artificial cultivation and wild quadrat. There was no significant difference between the three kinds of condition on the traits of capitulum dichasium,the content of buddleoside of the wild tending Ch. indicum was significantly higher than that of 0. 80% required by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 edition). Therefore,the artificial supplement and the appropriate artificial management of wild tending is a mode of production to increase the population density of Ch. indicum and obtain high quality and high yield medicinal materials.
为给野菊资源形成及品质提供理论依据，本研究对野菊种群在野生抚育、栽培及野生状态下的生物学、生态学、产量及品质差异进行了分析比较。结果表明，在生物学方面，野生抚育与栽培野菊在株高上无显著差异，二者均显著高于野生野菊。在生态学方面，野生抚育条件下比栽培野菊更不易发生水渍现象。野生抚育条件下比野生状态的野菊更不易发生病虫害。在产量方面，野生抚育条件下样本的平均产量显著高于人工栽培条件及野生样方。三种条件下在头状花序二歧分枝性状上无显著差异，野生抚育野菊的蒙花苷含量显著高于《中国药典》（2015年版）规定的0.80%。因此，对野生抚育进行人工补充及适度人工管理是一种增加野菊种群密度并获得高品质、高产量药材的生产方式。
