Su Wen-Tian, Xie Jian-Qiu, Pan Xin-He, Liu Jing-Jing, Si Jin-Ping
State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A & F University Lin'an 311300,China.
Lishui Institute of Forestry Sciences Lishui 323000,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2019 Jan;44(2):270-273. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20181106.008.
To reveal the variation of polysaccharides and alcohol-soluble extractives of rhizomes Polygonatum cyrtonema from different producing areas,growing years,and harvesting seasons,25 wild samples from the main producing areas( provenances) of China and 6 artificial cultivated samples were collected and detected. The 6-year-old rhizomes of the artificial cultivation were gathered from Qingyuan,Zhejiang every 2 months during 2016 to 2017. Anthrone-sulfuric acid method and hot-dip method were used to determine the contents of polysaccharides and alcohol-soluble extractives respectively. The results showed that provenances,age sections and harvesting seasons affected the quality of Polygonati Rhizoma significantly. The content of polysaccharides from different provenances varied from 6. 96% to 20. 09%,and the content of extractives varied from 32. 08% to 78. 99%. The polysaccharides and extractives' content were the highest at 2-year-age sections,active constituents accumulation peaked in the third year,then decreased significantly with age increasing. The contents of polysaccharides and extractives accumulated were highest when aerial parts,up to 15. 39% and 78. 99% respectively. In summary,the activity and consistency fluctuated with producing areas. while such phenomenon indicated a huge potential of breeding. Additionally,the results showed that collecting Polygonati Rhizoma in February or August as herbal textual recorded were unreasonable,neither in spring or autumn according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia( 2015 edition). Because these collecting periods didn't have the highest contents of polysaccharides and extractives. Therefore,based on phenological options,the rhizomes of P. cyrtonema should be harvested when the aboveground parts had just withered.
为揭示不同产地、生长年限及采收季节的滇黄精根茎中多糖和醇溶性浸出物的变化情况，采集并检测了来自中国主要产地（种源）的25份野生样本和6份人工栽培样本。2016年至2017年期间，每隔2个月从浙江庆元采集人工栽培6年生的根茎。分别采用蒽酮-硫酸法和热浸法测定多糖和醇溶性浸出物的含量。结果表明，种源、年龄段和采收季节对滇黄精的质量有显著影响。不同种源的多糖含量在6.96%至20.09%之间，浸出物含量在32.08%至78.99%之间。多糖和浸出物含量在2年生时最高，活性成分积累在第三年达到峰值，随后随年龄增长显著下降。地上部分枯萎时多糖和浸出物的积累量最高，分别达15.39%和78.99%。综上所述，活性和一致性随产地而波动，这表明其具有巨大的育种潜力。此外，结果表明，按照本草记载在2月或8月采收滇黄精不合理，按照《中国药典》（2015年版）在春季或秋季采收也不合理，因为这些采收期的多糖和浸出物含量并非最高。因此，根据物候选择，滇黄精根茎应在地上部分刚枯萎时采收。
