Zhang Ze-Rui, Huang Shen, Liu Jing-Jing, Zhang Xin-Feng, Si Jin-Ping
State Key Laboratory Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2020 Mar;45(6):1329-1333. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200104.104.
To reveal the main nutrients and functional ingredients in the flowers of Polygonatum cyrtonema and P. filipes, the content of the polysaccharides, saponins, amino acids, total phenols, mineral elements, and the DPPH free radical scavenging rates were determined. The flowers and rhizomes of P. cyrtonema were collected from Qingyang in Anhui and Qingyuan in Zhejiang, while the flowers and rhizomes of P. filipes were collected from Longyou in Zhejiang, respectively. The results showed that the polysaccharides content in flowers varied from 60.88 to 97.00 mg·g(-1), about half of that in rhizomes. The saponins content in flowers varied from 32.55 to 40.93 mg·g(-1), which was close to the content in rhizomes. The content of total phenols ranged from 40.79 to 50.95 mg·g(-1), approximately 4.5 times of that in rhizomes. The total amino acids content in flowers was 111.85 to 131.03 mg·g(-1), about 2.3 times of the content in rhizomes. The essential trace element content was abundant in flowers. The contents of heavy metal elements were all within the limits set by the standards. The DPPH free radical scavenging rate IC_(50) varied from 1.77 to 3.25 mg·mL~(-1), less than one-fifth of that in rhizomes, showing a significant superiority of antioxidant activity compared to rhizomes. The results initially revealed the fundamental of "the flowers exceed the rhizomes in effect", the common saying about the traditional Chinese medicinal herbs over the years, indicating a great developing potential of the flowers. Besides, as polysaccharides, saponins, amino acids, total phenols and other nutritive substances in flowers differ widely among species and provenances, it's important to develop variety breeding to improve the quality and yield of flowers.
为揭示黄精和多花黄精花中的主要营养成分和功能成分，测定了多糖、皂苷、氨基酸、总酚、矿质元素含量以及DPPH自由基清除率。黄精的花和根茎分别采自安徽青阳和浙江庆元，多花黄精的花和根茎分别采自浙江龙游。结果表明，花中多糖含量在60.88～97.00mg·g⁻¹之间，约为根茎中多糖含量的一半。花中皂苷含量在32.55～40.93mg·g⁻¹之间，与根茎中的含量相近。总酚含量在40.79～50.95mg·g⁻¹之间，约为根茎中总酚含量的4.5倍。花中总氨基酸含量为111.85～131.03mg·g⁻¹，约为根茎中总氨基酸含量的2.3倍。花中必需微量元素含量丰富，重金属元素含量均在标准规定的限值范围内。DPPH自由基清除率IC₅₀在1.77～3.25mg·mL⁻¹之间，不到根茎中IC₅₀的五分之一，表明花的抗氧化活性与根茎相比具有显著优势。该结果初步揭示了多年来传统中药材“花优于根茎”这一说法的依据，表明花具有很大的开发潜力。此外，由于不同物种和产地的花中多糖、皂苷、氨基酸、总酚等营养物质差异较大，开展品种选育以提高花的品质和产量具有重要意义。
