Xue Ting, Zhao Miaohua, Chen Jing, Chen Youqiang, Zhang Chuanhai, Li Baoyin
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province, College of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Nov 16;13:1055721. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1055721. eCollection 2022.
is a medicinal and edible herb rich in polysaccharides, steroidal saponins, and flavonoids that has been widely used as a food, vegetable, and medicine over the years. Although previous studies have preliminarily explored the metabolic and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of the main secondary metabolites in , the complex mechanism of microRNA (miRNA)-mediated posttranscriptional regulation remains unclear. Metabolome analysis showed that iso-ophiopogonanone B, (25S)-pratioside D1, disporopsin, and isodiosgenin-Glc-Glc, which are associated with intermediates in the flavonoids and saponins pathways, were significantly upregulated in the stem and leaf compared with the rhizome, and most saccharides, including arabinose, cellobiose, maltotetraose, and panose, showed the opposite trend, suggesting that they may contribute to the formation and accumulation of the main active ingredients in . We found that 4-hydroxymandelonitrile have a relatively good inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase, indicating that it may play a role in hypoglycemic functions. Transcriptome and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were combined to reveal several candidate genes involved in the accumulation of polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids, including , , , , and . Integrated analyses of miRNAs and messengerRNAs (mRNAs) showed that novel_miR14, novel_miR49, novel_miR75, and aof_miR164 were negatively correlated with alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, including , , , and , indicating that these miRNAs may coordinately regulate the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites in . These findings will facilitate in-depth research on the functions of these miRNAs and mRNAs related to the main active substances for pathological and biological regulation, which will be beneficial to provide theoretical guidance for the molecular breeding of .
是一种富含多糖、甾体皂苷和黄酮类化合物的药食两用草本植物，多年来一直被广泛用作食物、蔬菜和药物。尽管先前的研究已经初步探索了其主要次生代谢产物的代谢和转录调控机制，但微小RNA（miRNA）介导的转录后调控的复杂机制仍不清楚。代谢组分析表明，与黄酮类和皂苷类途径中的中间体相关的异麦冬酮B、（25S）-原薯蓣皂苷D1、竹节参苷元F、异薯蓣皂苷元-葡萄糖-葡萄糖，与根茎相比，在茎和叶中显著上调，而大多数糖类（包括阿拉伯糖、纤维二糖、麦芽四糖和潘糖）则呈现相反趋势，这表明它们可能有助于其主要活性成分的形成和积累。我们发现4-羟基苯乙腈对α-葡萄糖苷酶具有相对较好的抑制作用，表明它可能在降血糖功能中发挥作用。结合转录组和加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）揭示了几个参与多糖、皂苷和黄酮类化合物积累的候选基因，包括[基因名称1]、[基因名称2]、[基因名称3]、[基因名称4]和[基因名称5]。miRNA和信使核糖核酸（mRNA）的综合分析表明，新型_miR14、新型_miR49、新型_miR75和aof_miR164与α-亚麻酸代谢和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号通路呈负相关，包括[基因名称6]、[基因名称7]、[基因名称8]和[基因名称9]，表明这些miRNA可能协同调节其其他次生代谢产物的生物合成。这些发现将有助于深入研究这些与主要活性物质相关的miRNA和mRNA在病理和生物调节中的功能，这将有利于为其分子育种提供理论指导。
