Department of Environmental Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, NanGang District, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China.
Department of Environmental Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, NanGang District, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Jun;128:212-222. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.014. Epub 2019 Apr 13.
Perchlorate, as an oxidizer, has many applications such as explosives and pyrotechnics, especially in rocket propellants and missile motors. Because it was found in water including wells and drinking water in the US, its effect on human health was being noted. However, the reproductive toxic effect on perchlorate is still unclear. In present study, the effects of repeated exposure to perchlorate on reproductive toxicity were evaluated in Wistar rats. The rats were treated orally with perchlorate at doses of 0.05, 1.00 or 10.00 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) daily for 8 weeks. The levels of T and T hormones in the rat serum were detected by radioimmunoassay kit. The indexes of reproduction, percentage of organ in body weight (%) and frequency of abnormal sperm cells were also analyzed in this study. DNA damage in testicular cells was evaluated by Comet assay. The levels of MDA, GSH and SOD were examined in testicle tissues of rats by ELISA. The expression of c-fos and fas protein was examined in testicle tissues by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that perchlorate did not affect the body weight of rats. Perchlorate also significantly decreased indexes of live birth and weaning in the groups of 1.00 and 10.00 mg/kg, and viability index only in the 10.00 mg/kg group (P < 0.05). Perchlorate also significantly decreased the serum level of T in male rats of 1.00 and 10.00 mg/kg groups, increased the rate of sperm abnormality (10.00 mg/kg), potentially caused DNA damage in testicular cells and altered the status of oxidative stress in male rats. In addition, because of the increase in the expression of fas and c-fos protein in testicle tissues, perchlorate could induce apoptosis in spermatogenesis. Thus, these findings indicate that perchlorate could cause DNA damage in testicular tissues and reduce testicular spermatogenic ability, resulting in reproductive toxicity.
高氯酸盐作为一种氧化剂，有许多应用，如炸药和烟火，特别是在火箭推进剂和导弹发动机中。由于在美国的水井和饮用水中都发现了高氯酸盐，人们开始关注它对人类健康的影响。然而，高氯酸盐的生殖毒性作用仍不清楚。在本研究中，评估了重复暴露于高氯酸盐对 Wistar 大鼠生殖毒性的影响。大鼠每天经口给予 0.05、1.00 或 10.00mg/kg 体重的高氯酸盐，连续 8 周。采用放射免疫试剂盒检测大鼠血清中 T 和 T 激素的水平。分析了该研究中生殖指数、器官重量百分比（%）和异常精子细胞频率。通过彗星试验评估睾丸细胞的 DNA 损伤。通过 ELISA 检测大鼠睾丸组织中 MDA、GSH 和 SOD 的水平。通过免疫组织化学检测睾丸组织中 c-fos 和 fas 蛋白的表达。结果表明，高氯酸盐不影响大鼠体重。高氯酸盐还显著降低了 1.00 和 10.00mg/kg 组活产和断奶指数，仅在 10.00mg/kg 组降低了活力指数（P<0.05）。高氯酸盐还显著降低了 1.00 和 10.00mg/kg 组雄性大鼠血清中 T 的水平，增加了精子异常率（10.00mg/kg），可能导致睾丸细胞 DNA 损伤，并改变雄性大鼠的氧化应激状态。此外，由于睾丸组织中 fas 和 c-fos 蛋白表达增加，高氯酸盐可诱导精子发生细胞凋亡。因此，这些发现表明，高氯酸盐可导致睾丸组织 DNA 损伤，并降低睾丸生精能力，从而产生生殖毒性。
