Gan Yan Min, Zhou Jian, Quan Rong, Hong Lin Jun, Li Zi Cong, Zheng En Qin, Liu De Wu, Wu Zhen Fang, Cai Geng Yuan, Gu Ting
National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Guangdong Wens Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd, Xinxing 527439, China.
Yi Chuan. 2019 Apr 20;41(4):285-292. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.18-272.
Histone methylation is a modification which occurs in the N-terminal peptide chains of the histone nucleosome. The 4th, 9th, 27th, 36th and 79th lysines in N-terminal peptide chain of histone H3 are hot spots for this modification, including mono-, di-, and tri-methylation. H3K27me3 is the tri-methylation modification on histone H3 lysine 27, which mainly functions as a transcriptional repressor regulating skeletal muscle development. Studies have shown that H3K27me3 can finely regulate skeletal muscle proliferation, including the level and duration of skeletal muscle development by specifically binding to myogenic regulatory factors (e.g., MyoD, MyoG, etc.), cell cycling regulators, and epigenetic regulators including lncRNA and miRNA. In this review, we introduce the types and mechanisms of histone methylation and de-methylation of H3K27. We also summarize how H3K27me3 functions in the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cell. This review will contribute to the comprehension of the function of H3K27me3 in regulating skeletal muscle development and provide reference for further improving our understanding of mammalian muscle.
组蛋白甲基化是一种发生在组蛋白核小体N端肽链上的修饰。组蛋白H3的N端肽链中的第4、9、27、36和79位赖氨酸是这种修饰的热点，包括单甲基化、二甲基化和三甲基化。H3K27me3是组蛋白H3赖氨酸27上的三甲基化修饰，主要作为一种转录抑制因子发挥作用，调控骨骼肌发育。研究表明，H3K27me3可以通过特异性结合成肌调节因子（如MyoD、MyoG等）、细胞周期调节因子以及包括lncRNA和miRNA在内的表观遗传调节因子，精细地调控骨骼肌增殖，包括骨骼肌发育的水平和持续时间。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了H3K27组蛋白甲基化和去甲基化的类型及机制。我们还总结了H3K27me3在骨骼肌细胞增殖和分化中的作用。这篇综述将有助于理解H3K27me3在调控骨骼肌发育中的功能，并为进一步加深我们对哺乳动物肌肉的理解提供参考。
