Carmi Avishy, Cohen Eliahu
Faculty of Engineering and Center for Quantum Information Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.
Faculty of Engineering and Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Sci Adv. 2019 Apr 12;5(4):eaav8370. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aav8370. eCollection 2019 Apr.
If nature allowed nonlocal correlations other than those predicted by quantum mechanics, would that contradict some physical principle? Various approaches have been put forward in the past two decades in an attempt to single out quantum nonlocality. However, none of them can explain the set of quantum correlations arising in the simplest scenarios. Here, it is shown that generalized uncertainty relations, as well as a specific notion of locality, give rise to both familiar and new characterizations of quantum correlations. In particular, we identify a condition, relativistic independence, which states that uncertainty relations are local in the sense that they cannot be influenced by other experimenters' choices of measuring instruments. We prove that theories with nonlocal correlations stronger than the quantum ones do not satisfy this notion of locality, and therefore, they either violate the underlying generalized uncertainty relations or allow experimenters to nonlocally tamper with the uncertainty relations of their peers.
如果自然界允许存在除量子力学所预测之外的非定域关联，这会与某些物理原理相矛盾吗？在过去二十年里，人们提出了各种方法来试图挑出量子非定域性。然而，它们中没有一个能够解释在最简单情形中出现的那组量子关联。在此，我们表明广义不确定性关系以及一种特定的定域性概念，会产生既熟悉又新颖的量子关联特征描述。特别地，我们确定了一个条件，即相对论独立性，它表明不确定性关系在这样一种意义上是定域的，即它们不会受到其他实验者对测量仪器的选择的影响。我们证明，具有比量子关联更强的非定域关联的理论不满足这种定域性概念，因此，它们要么违反潜在的广义不确定性关系，要么允许实验者非定域地篡改其同行的不确定性关系。
