DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK.
Science. 2010 Nov 19;330(6007):1072-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1192065.
Two central concepts of quantum mechanics are Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and a subtle form of nonlocality that Einstein famously called "spooky action at a distance." These two fundamental features have thus far been distinct concepts. We show that they are inextricably and quantitatively linked: Quantum mechanics cannot be more nonlocal with measurements that respect the uncertainty principle. In fact, the link between uncertainty and nonlocality holds for all physical theories. More specifically, the degree of nonlocality of any theory is determined by two factors: the strength of the uncertainty principle and the strength of a property called "steering," which determines which states can be prepared at one location given a measurement at another.
量子力学的两个核心概念是海森堡测不准原理和一种微妙的非局域性形式，爱因斯坦将其称为“远距离的诡异互动”。这两个基本特征迄今为止一直是截然不同的概念。我们证明了它们是不可分割且定量相关的：在遵守测不准原理的测量中，量子力学不可能具有更大的非局域性。实际上，不确定性和非局域性之间的联系适用于所有物理理论。更具体地说，任何理论的非局域性程度都由两个因素决定：测不准原理的强度和一个称为“引导”的性质的强度，该性质决定了在另一个位置进行测量时，可以在一个位置准备哪些状态。
