Warszewska-Makuch Magdalena
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy / Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland (Zakład Ergonomii, Pracownia Psychologii i Socjologii Pracy / Department of Ergonomics, Laboratory of Psychology and Sociology of Work).
Med Pr. 2019 Apr 19;70(2):249-257. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.00758. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
The knowledge about victims' reactions to stressful events is important when it comes to the selection of the appropriate intervention strategies by people responsible for dealing with workplace bullying whenever it occurs in the organization. Early initiation of interventions is important, especially because workplace bullying is a situation not controlled by the victim who remains with a small selection of the possible forms of coping. For people experiencing workplace bullying, the knowledge about common reactions to this phenomenon may prove useful in itself, both reducing the discussed reactions and facilitating behaviors based on seeking help. The purpose of this review was to determine whether and which styles and strategies for coping with stress can play an important role in the process of experiencing bullying in the workplace. The review covered articles published in 1984-2018. The results of previous research may indicate that, in the face of workplace bullying, all forms of coping are indifferent, and sometimes may even worsen the situation of the victim. Undoubtedly, the reason for this is the fact that experiencing workplace bullying is a highly traumatic situation which continues over an extended period of time. Therefore, bullying can be included into those objective, universal stressors that will put most individuals, regardless of their perception, under strong stress. Med Pr. 2019;70(2):249-57.
对于负责处理组织中任何时候出现的职场霸凌问题的人员来说，了解受害者对压力事件的反应对于选择合适的干预策略至关重要。尽早开展干预很重要，特别是因为职场霸凌这种情况并非受害者所能控制，而且受害者可选择的应对方式有限。对于经历职场霸凌的人而言，了解对此现象的常见反应本身可能就很有用，既能减少上述反应，又能促使他们寻求帮助。本综述的目的是确定应对压力的哪些方式和策略在职场霸凌经历过程中能发挥重要作用。该综述涵盖了1984年至2018年发表的文章。先前研究结果可能表明，面对职场霸凌时，所有应对方式都无济于事，有时甚至可能使受害者的情况恶化。毫无疑问，原因在于经历职场霸凌是一种长期持续的高度创伤性情况。因此，霸凌可被归入那些客观、普遍的压力源，无论个人如何看待，大多数人都会因此承受巨大压力。《医学实践》2019年；70(2):249 - 57。
