Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil.
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2019;35(4):e00112718. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00112718. Epub 2019 Apr 8.
HIV prevalence among transgender women is disproportional when compared to the general population in various countries. Stigma and discrimination based on gender identity have frequently been associated with vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. The objective was to conduct a systematic literature review to analyze the relationship between stigma and discrimination related to gender identity in transgender women and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. This systematic literature review involved the stages of identification, compilation, analysis, and interpretation of results of studies found in five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and LILACS. No publication time period was determined in advance for this review. The studies were assessed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review included articles in English, Portuguese, or Spanish that related stigma and discrimination to transgender women's vulnerability to HIV. We found 41 studies, mostly qualitative, published from 2004 to 2018, and categorized in three dimensions of stigma: individual, interpersonal, and structural. The data highlighted that the effects of stigma related to gender identity, such as violence, discrimination, and transphobia, are structuring elements in transgender women's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. The studies showed a relationship between stigma and discrimination and transgender women's vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and indicated the need for public policies to fight discrimination in society.
与各国的一般人群相比，跨性别女性中的 HIV 流行率不成比例。基于性别认同的耻辱和歧视经常与易感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病有关。目的是进行系统的文献综述，以分析跨性别女性的性别认同相关耻辱和歧视与艾滋病毒/艾滋病易感性之间的关系。该系统的文献综述涉及在五个数据库中识别、汇编、分析和解释研究结果的阶段：PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Science Direct 和 LILACS。本次审查没有事先确定发布时间范围。根据纳入和排除标准评估研究。该综述包括与跨性别女性对 HIV 的易感性相关的耻辱和歧视的英文、葡萄牙文或西班牙文文章。我们发现了 41 项研究，主要是定性研究，发表于 2004 年至 2018 年，分为三个耻辱维度：个人、人际和结构。数据突出表明，与性别认同相关的耻辱，如暴力、歧视和跨性别恐惧症，是跨性别女性易感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的结构因素。这些研究表明了耻辱和歧视与跨性别女性易感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病之间的关系，并表明需要制定公共政策来打击社会中的歧视。
