Hearing and Speech Department, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA,
Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2020;72(3):218-227. doi: 10.1159/000496794. Epub 2019 Apr 17.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aims of this study were (1) to determine locations of increased effort in the body when talking using tracheoesophageal speech (TES); (2) to compare talking effort for participants using TES and those using laryngeal speech; (3) to compare tongue-palate contact pressure during talking for TES and laryngeal speech; and (4) to assess the relationship between talking effort and articulatory contact pressure (ACP).
This cohort comparison study included 16 individuals using TES and 10 using laryngeal speech. Participants rated talking effort on a visual analog scale and then rated effort in the lungs, throat, oral cavity, brain (cognitive) and arm/shoulder. ACP for /t/, /d/, and /n/ produced in sentences was measured using a pressure sensor on the alveolar ridge.
Factor analysis of effort ratings across body locations by participants using TES revealed two latent variables associated with non-voice production locations and voice production. Ratings of effort and ACP were statistically significantly higher in participants using TES. The correlation between overall talking effort and ACP was strong and statistically significantly.
The effort ratings suggest adults with functional TES experience talking as more effortful than adults with a larynx. Some increased effort was focused in the voice production process, but regions outside of voicing were also implicated.
背景/目的：本研究的目的是：(1)确定使用气管食管语音（TES）说话时身体增加努力的部位；(2)比较使用 TES 和使用喉音说话的参与者的说话努力程度；(3)比较 TES 和喉音说话时的舌-腭接触压力；(4)评估说话努力与发音接触压力（ACP）之间的关系。
这项队列比较研究包括 16 名使用 TES 的参与者和 10 名使用喉音的参与者。参与者使用视觉模拟量表对说话努力程度进行评分，然后对肺部、喉咙、口腔、大脑（认知）和手臂/肩部的努力程度进行评分。使用牙槽嵴上的压力传感器测量句子中/t/、/d/和/n/产生的 ACP。
使用 TES 的参与者对身体各部位努力程度的因子分析揭示了与非发声部位和发声相关的两个潜在变量。使用 TES 的参与者的努力程度和 ACP 评分在统计学上显著更高。总体说话努力程度与 ACP 之间的相关性很强且具有统计学意义。
这些努力程度评分表明，使用功能 TES 的成年人比使用喉咙的成年人说话更费力。一些额外的努力集中在发声过程中，但发声区域以外的区域也受到了影响。
