Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC), Apartado de Correos 28, 36080, Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain.
BIOGECO, INRA, University of Bordeaux, 33610, Cestas, France.
Ecology. 2019 Jun;100(6):e02707. doi: 10.1002/ecy.2707. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
Herbivores may directly or indirectly affect plant attractiveness to pollinators. Although several studies have reported on these effects, there is yet no general consensus on the strength and sign of such interactions or their contingency on herbivory features such as the plant tissue attacked. We performed a meta-analysis of studies testing for effects of herbivores on floral traits, plant attractiveness to pollinators, and plant reproductive success. We also assessed whether herbivore effects depended on the plant tissue attacked by herbivores and if real or simulated herbivory was used. We found an overall significant negative effect of herbivores on floral traits, plant attractiveness to pollinators, and plant reproductive success. These effects were, however, contingent on the plant tissue attacked and on whether real or simulated damage was used. Real floral and leaf, but not root, herbivores showed detrimental effects on floral traits and plant attractiveness to pollinators. In addition, real leaf, but not floral or root herbivory, lowered plant reproductive success. Contrastingly, simulated leaf and floral herbivory showed no effect on any of the response variables. These findings help move forward our understanding of the strength and directionality of herbivore effects on plant attractiveness to pollinators and their underlying mechanisms.
食草动物可能直接或间接影响植物对传粉者的吸引力。虽然有几项研究报告了这些影响，但对于这些相互作用的强度和方向，或者它们是否取决于食草动物的特征（如被攻击的植物组织），尚未达成普遍共识。我们对测试食草动物对花卉特征、植物对传粉者的吸引力和植物繁殖成功率影响的研究进行了荟萃分析。我们还评估了食草动物的影响是否取决于食草动物攻击的植物组织，以及是否使用了真实或模拟的食草动物。我们发现食草动物对花卉特征、植物对传粉者的吸引力和植物繁殖成功率有整体显著的负面影响。然而，这些影响取决于被攻击的植物组织，以及使用的是真实的还是模拟的伤害。真实的花卉和叶片食草动物对花卉特征和植物对传粉者的吸引力表现出有害影响，但根部食草动物则没有。此外，真实的叶片食草动物而不是花卉或根部食草动物会降低植物的繁殖成功率。相反，模拟的叶片和花卉食草动物对任何响应变量都没有影响。这些发现有助于深入了解食草动物对植物对传粉者吸引力的影响的强度和方向性及其潜在机制。
