身体疲劳对年轻人事件相关电位及认知任务表现的影响
Physical Exhaustion Induced Variations in Event-Related Potentials and Cognitive Task Performance in Young Adults.
作者信息
Itagi Afreen Begum H, Patil Navin A, Kotian Rahul K, Reddy Suneel Kumar, Abhyankar Shardul, Parveen Reena Sherin
机构信息
Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, India.
Department of Pharmacology, K.M.C. Manipal, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
出版信息
Ann Neurosci. 2018 Dec;25(4):299-304. doi: 10.1159/000487845. Epub 2019 Jan 14.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Physical exhaustion is not always peripheral, and it is the brain that causes the sensation of fatigue either due to decrease of metabolic resources or due to central activation process that regulates attention and performance. This study was undertaken to observe the variations in event-related potentials (ERPs) and cognitive performance after an exhausting physical exercise.
METHODS
A total of 60 healthy young adult subjects were included in the study. The study was conducted in 2 phases with at least a week gap between the phases. The participants answered a Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20) questionnaire before and after trials in each phase to measure the induced physical exhaustion. In phase I (control trial), the ERP data were processed using P300, Standard auditory "oddball paradigm," on computerized evoked potential recorder (RMS EMG MK-2) using 10/20 system to know the engagement of attention after which participants were given to perform cognitive tasks such as "Stroop Test, Trial Making Test and Mini Mental State Examination." In Phase II (exercise trial), the participants were instructed to cycle as hard as they could, till they could not continue anymore, which was followed by recording of P300-evoked potentials and performance of cognitive tasks as in Phase I. Paired was used to compare between any dependent variables.
RESULTS
Fatigue-related subjective measures (MFI-20) showed that both mental and physical exhaustion were significantly greater in the exercise-involved cognitive trial than in the control trial. Lower P300 latencies reflect faster reaction time; however, their response accuracies were poorer resulting in poorer cognitive performances. Participants subjected to control trial performed better in terms of higher percentage accuracy but with slow reaction time.
CONCLUSION
The participants experienced more fatigue physically and mentally during the exercise that involved cognitive tasks. An apparent decrease in attention based on decreased percentage accuracy of response was evident, implying that fatigue, performance, and attention are interdependent.
背景/目的：身体疲劳并非总是外周性的，大脑才是导致疲劳感的原因，这要么是由于代谢资源减少，要么是由于调节注意力和表现的中枢激活过程。本研究旨在观察力竭性体育锻炼后事件相关电位（ERP）和认知表现的变化。
方法
本研究共纳入60名健康的年轻成年受试者。研究分两个阶段进行，两阶段之间至少间隔一周。在每个阶段的试验前后，参与者回答一份多维疲劳量表（MFI - 20）问卷，以测量诱发的身体疲劳。在第一阶段（对照试验），使用10/20系统在计算机化诱发电位记录器（RMS EMG MK - 2）上，通过P300、标准听觉“oddball范式”处理ERP数据，以了解注意力的参与情况，之后让参与者执行诸如“斯特鲁普测试、连线测验和简易精神状态检查表”等认知任务。在第二阶段（运动试验），指示参与者尽可能用力地骑车，直到无法继续，随后像在第一阶段那样记录P300诱发电位并进行认知任务。配对t检验用于比较任何相关变量。
结果
与疲劳相关的主观测量指标（MFI - 20）显示，在涉及运动的认知试验中，精神和身体疲劳均显著高于对照试验。较低的P300潜伏期反映反应时间更快；然而，他们的反应准确性较差，导致认知表现较差。接受对照试验的参与者在准确率较高方面表现更好，但反应时间较慢。
结论
参与者在涉及认知任务的运动过程中经历了更多的身心疲劳。基于反应准确率百分比下降，注意力明显降低，这意味着疲劳、表现和注意力是相互依存的。
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