Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2019 Jul;54:100746. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.04.003. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
Synchronizing circadian (24 h) rhythms in physiology and behavior with the environmental light-dark cycle is critical for maintaining optimal health. Dysregulation of the circadian system increases susceptibility to numerous pathological conditions including major depressive disorder. Stress is a common etiological factor in the development of depression and the circadian system is highly interconnected to stress-sensitive neurotransmitter systems such as the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) system. Thus, here we propose that stress-induced perturbation of the 5-HT system disrupts circadian processes and increases susceptibility to depression. In this review, we first provide an overview of the basic components of the circadian system. Next, we discuss evidence that circadian dysfunction is associated with changes in mood in humans and rodent models. Finally, we provide evidence that 5-HT is a critical factor linking dysregulation of the circadian system and mood. Determining how these two systems interact may provide novel therapeutic targets for depression.
使生理和行为的昼夜节律（24 小时）与环境的明暗周期同步对于维持最佳健康至关重要。昼夜节律系统的失调会增加患许多病理状况的易感性，包括重度抑郁症。压力是抑郁症发展的常见病因，而昼夜节律系统与应激敏感神经递质系统（如 5-羟色胺（5-羟色胺，5-HT）系统）高度相互关联。因此，在这里我们提出，应激引起的 5-HT 系统紊乱会破坏昼夜节律过程并增加患抑郁症的易感性。在这篇综述中，我们首先概述了昼夜节律系统的基本组成部分。接下来，我们讨论了昼夜节律功能障碍与人类和啮齿动物模型中情绪变化相关的证据。最后，我们提供了证据表明 5-HT 是连接昼夜节律系统和情绪失调的关键因素。确定这两个系统如何相互作用可能为抑郁症提供新的治疗靶点。
