Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
MaxNetAging Research School, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
Nutrients. 2019 Apr 18;11(4):874. doi: 10.3390/nu11040874.
Obesity is associated with automatically approaching problematic stimuli, such as unhealthy food. Cognitive bias modification (CBM) could beneficially impact problematic approach behavior. However, it is unclear which mechanisms are targeted by CBM in obesity. Candidate mechanisms include: (1) altering reward value of food stimuli; and (2) strengthening inhibitory abilities. Thirty-three obese adults completed either CBM or sham training during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. CBM consisted of implicit training to approach healthy and avoid unhealthy foods. At baseline, approach tendencies towards food were present in all participants. Avoiding vs. approaching food was associated with higher activity in the right angular gyrus (rAG). CBM resulted in a diminished approach bias towards unhealthy food, decreased activation in the rAG, and increased activation in the anterior cingulate cortex. Relatedly, functional connectivity between the rAG and right superior frontal gyrus increased. Analysis of brain connectivity during rest revealed training-related connectivity changes of the inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral middle frontal gyri. Taken together, CBM strengthens avoidance tendencies when faced with unhealthy foods and alters activity in brain regions underpinning behavioral inhibition.
肥胖与自动接近有问题的刺激有关，例如不健康的食物。认知偏差修正（CBM）可以有益地影响有问题的接近行为。然而，目前尚不清楚 CBM 在肥胖中针对哪些机制。候选机制包括：（1）改变食物刺激的奖励价值；和（2）增强抑制能力。33 名肥胖成年人在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描期间完成了 CBM 或假训练。CBM 包括对健康食物的接近和对不健康食物的回避的内隐训练。在基线时，所有参与者都表现出对食物的接近倾向。与回避相比，接近食物与右侧角回（rAG）的活动增加有关。CBM 导致对不健康食物的接近偏见减少，rAG 的激活减少，前扣带皮层的激活增加。相关地，rAG 和右侧额上回之间的功能连接增加。在休息时进行的大脑连接分析显示，下额叶和双侧额中回的连接在训练后发生了变化。总之，CBM 增强了面对不健康食物时的回避倾向，并改变了行为抑制所依赖的大脑区域的活动。
