Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jul 15;133:473-483. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.120. Epub 2019 Apr 17.
In specialized cell types such as neurons, microtubules maintain the integrity of axons by forming stable bundles and facilitate the transport of synaptic vesicles. The cells regulate the stability and dynamics of microtubules using a diverse array of mechanisms. One of the mechanisms involves the interaction of microtubules with its associated proteins. Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) may have either stabilizing or destabilizing effects on the microtubules. Tau, a neuronal MAP, promotes the assembly and bundling of microtubules and suppresses microtubule dynamics. Abnormal functioning of tau is implicated in several neuronal disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), wherein tau forms insoluble aggregates and causes neurotoxicity. In this review, we focus on the effects of tau on neuronal microtubule stability and dynamics. We also discuss the factors that lead to tau aggregation and the resulting destabilization of microtubules and the implications of this phenomenon in the AD and other tauopathies.
在神经元等特化细胞类型中，微管通过形成稳定的束来维持轴突的完整性，并促进突触小泡的运输。细胞使用多种机制来调节微管的稳定性和动态性。其中一种机制涉及微管与其相关蛋白的相互作用。微管相关蛋白（MAPs）可能对微管具有稳定或不稳定的作用。微管相关蛋白 tau 促进微管的组装和束集，并抑制微管动力学。tau 的异常功能与几种神经元疾病有关，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD），其中 tau 形成不溶性聚集体并导致神经毒性。在这篇综述中，我们重点讨论了 tau 对神经元微管稳定性和动态性的影响。我们还讨论了导致 tau 聚集以及微管失稳的因素，以及这种现象在 AD 和其他 tau 病中的意义。
