UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Australia; Rugby Australia, Australia, Australia.
UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2019 Aug;22(8):876-881. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.03.013. Epub 2019 Apr 5.
To examine the effects of a probiotic protocol on the incidence and severity of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in elite rugby union athletes across an international competition season. Associations were also investigated between salivary biomarkers of stress (cortisol, alpha-amylase) and mucosal immunity (secretory(s)-IgA).
A double-blind RCT was conducted over 27-weeks, divided into three stages: (1) control period; (2) domestic competition; and (3) international competition.
Athletes were assigned a probiotic (n = 9) or placebo (n = 10) supplement. Ultrabiotic 60™ or placebo was taken with food twice daily for 17 weeks and SB Floractiv™ 250 mg added twice daily during stage three.
Five infections were diagnosed by the team sports physician across the 27-weeks, three within the intervention period in athletes randomised to the placebo group. No significant group x time interaction effects for salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase or s-IgA were identified over the 27-week time period, although a significant main effect for group and time was identified for salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase, and s-IgA (p < 0.05 for all). When considering stage, significant differences were identified in stage one with s-IgA lower in the probiotic group (p = 0.015). In stage two and three, salivary cortisol was higher in the probiotic group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.001 respectively), and salivary alpha-amylase was higher in the probiotic group in stage three (p = 0.007).
The probiotic protocol used in this study was associated with an increase in salivary alpha-amylase supporting its possible role as a host defence peptide.
研究益生菌方案对精英橄榄球运动员在国际比赛赛季中呼吸道和胃肠道感染的发生率和严重程度的影响。还研究了唾液应激生物标志物（皮质醇、α-淀粉酶）和黏膜免疫（分泌型免疫球蛋白 A）之间的相关性。
在 27 周内进行了一项双盲 RCT，分为三个阶段：（1）对照期；（2）国内比赛；（3）国际比赛。
运动员被分配到益生菌（n=9）或安慰剂（n=10）补充剂。Ultrabiotic 60™或安慰剂每天随餐服用两次，持续 17 周，在第三阶段每天服用两次 SB Floractiv™250mg。
在 27 周内，由团队运动医生诊断出 5 例感染，其中 3 例发生在随机分配到安慰剂组的运动员的干预期内。在 27 周的时间内，唾液皮质醇、α-淀粉酶或 s-IgA 均未发现组间 x 时间的交互作用效应，但唾液皮质醇、α-淀粉酶和 s-IgA 均发现了组和时间的显著主效应（p<0.05 均）。考虑到阶段，在第一阶段发现了 s-IgA 在益生菌组中较低的显著差异（p=0.015）。在第二阶段和第三阶段，益生菌组的唾液皮质醇更高（p=0.016 和 p=0.001），而在第三阶段，益生菌组的唾液α-淀粉酶更高（p=0.007）。
本研究中使用的益生菌方案与唾液α-淀粉酶的增加相关，支持其作为宿主防御肽的可能作用。
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