School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Health Promotion, Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Nutr. 2019 Jun 1;149(6):1019-1026. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz013.
Technological innovations allow for collection of 24-h recalls (24HRs) in a broader range of studies than previously possible. The web-based Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) has been shown to be feasible and to perform well in capturing true intake among adults. However, data to inform use with children are limited.
This observational feeding study was conducted to evaluate children's ability to accurately report a lunchtime meal using ASA24 without assistance.
The study was conducted among children (n = 100) aged 10-13 y within a school setting. Students were served an individual cheese pizza, baby carrots, ranch dip, yogurt, a cookie, and 1 choice of water, juice, or milk. Plate waste was collected and weighed. The next day, participants completed ASA24 and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were generated to determine match rates by food item and age, and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics and accuracy of reported energy and nutrient intake. Associations between true and reported energy and nutrient intakes and portion sizes were assessed with use of t tests.
Just under half (49%) of children fully completed ASA24 (median time, 41 min). Children reported an exact, close, or far match for 58% of all foods and beverages consumed, ranging from 29% for dip to 76% for pizza, but also reported some items not consumed as part of the study meal. Older children completed the recall in a shorter time than younger children (mean 31 among 13 y compared with 52 min among 10 y). Intakes of energy (39%), protein (33%), and sodium (78%) were significantly overestimated, whereas portion sizes for cookies (53%) and juice (69%) were underestimated.
Children can report some foods and drinks consumed using ASA24, but our findings suggest challenges with independent completion, necessitating research to examine strategies, such as training and resources, to support data quality.
技术创新使得在更广泛的研究中收集 24 小时回忆（24HR）成为可能，这在以前是不可能的。基于网络的自动自我管理 24 小时膳食评估工具（ASA24）已被证明在捕捉成年人真实摄入量方面是可行且有效的。然而，用于儿童的数据有限。
本观察性喂养研究旨在评估儿童在没有帮助的情况下使用 ASA24 准确报告午餐时间膳食的能力。
该研究在学校环境中进行，参与者为 10-13 岁的儿童（n=100）。为学生提供单独的奶酪披萨、胡萝卜、牧场蘸酱、酸奶、饼干和 1 份水、果汁或牛奶。收集并称重剩余的食物。第二天，参与者完成 ASA24 和一份社会人口学问卷。生成描述性统计数据以确定按食物和年龄计算的匹配率，并进行线性回归分析以检查社会人口学特征与报告的能量和营养素摄入准确性之间的关联。使用 t 检验评估真实和报告的能量和营养素摄入量与部分大小之间的关联。
将近一半（49%）的儿童完全完成了 ASA24（中位数时间为 41 分钟）。儿童对所食用的所有食物和饮料的准确、接近或相差甚远的报告率为 58%，从蘸酱的 29%到披萨的 76%不等，但也报告了一些不属于研究餐的食物。年龄较大的儿童完成回忆的时间比年龄较小的儿童短（13 岁的儿童平均为 31 分钟，而 10 岁的儿童为 52 分钟）。能量（39%）、蛋白质（33%）和钠（78%）的摄入量明显过高，而饼干（53%）和果汁（69%）的部分大小则被低估。
儿童可以使用 ASA24 报告一些所食用的食物和饮料，但我们的研究结果表明，他们在独立完成方面存在挑战，这需要研究来检验支持数据质量的策略，例如培训和资源。
