a Colegio de Postgraduados, Periférico Carlos A. Molina s/n , Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental , H. Cárdenas , Mexico.
b Cuerpo Académico Energía y Medioambiente, Programa Educativo QFB , Universidad Popular de la Chontalpa , H. Cárdenas , Mexico.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2019;21(8):768-776. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1566879. Epub 2019 Apr 22.
An experiment was performed for 240 days to evaluate the oil removal through natural attenuation (NA) and phytoremediation (PH) combined with surfactant (SF), in soil up to 76,585 mg kg of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). A completely randomized design was applied using a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement, with four concentrations of oil and six recovery technologies. The technologies were combinations of (Lh) grass, NA (native microorganisms), and doses of Tween 80. The results recorded treatment means with statistical differences (Tukey, ≤ 0.05 and 0.01). Oil in presence of 5% SF stimulated the formation of grass roots. The SF promoted a significant increase in the biomass of grass stems and leaves but did not contribute to oil removal or microbial density. Unexpectedly, the PH inhibited the removal of oil and induced a decrease in fungi, hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria, and heterotrophic fungi. NA combined with 2.5% SF removed 95% of 48,748 mg of TPH. The best technology for soil decontamination was bioremediation through hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria stimulated with 2.5% SF.
进行了一项为期 240 天的实验，以评估在土壤中通过自然衰减（NA）和植物修复（PH）与表面活性剂（SF）结合去除石油的效果，土壤中总石油烃（TPH）的含量高达 76,585mg/kg。采用完全随机设计，采用 4×6 析因排列，设有四个油浓度和六个回收技术。这些技术是（Lh）草、NA（土著微生物）和吐温 80 剂量的组合。记录了具有统计学差异的处理平均值（Tukey，≤0.05 和 0.01）。存在 5%SF 的石油刺激了草根的形成。SF 显著促进了草茎和叶的生物量增加，但对石油去除或微生物密度没有贡献。出乎意料的是，PH 抑制了石油的去除，并诱导了真菌、烃类降解细菌和异养真菌的减少。NA 与 2.5%SF 结合可去除 48,748mg TPH 的 95%。通过 2.5%SF 刺激烃类降解细菌进行生物修复是土壤净化的最佳技术。
