Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal , Montreal , Canada.
Neurotraumatology Unit, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal , Montreal , Canada.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2019 Oct;33(7):1175-1194. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2019.1598500. Epub 2019 Apr 22.
Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to perform an intention at the appropriate time in the future. It is of primary importance for daily living, and its disruption may impact functional autonomy. To date, few studies have examined PM during the acute phase of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), despite the high prevalence of this neurological condition and its potential impact on cognition. Twenty mTBI patients (time since injury ranged from 45 to 73 days) and 15 healthy control participants performed the Ecological Test of Prospective Memory (TEMP), a simulated errand task in which participants were required to execute 10 event-based (EB) and five time-based (TB) tasks. The TEMP separately evaluates PM phases as well as prospective and retrospective components in event- and time-based conditions. Participants also completed a neuropsychological test battery. Correlations were performed between cognitive composite scores and the TEMP. mTBI patients experienced difficulty in learning the content of intentions, retrieving these intentions in the time-based condition (prospective component) and recalling the associated actions in the event- and time-based conditions (retrospective component). Retrospective memory composite score was correlated with the learning and retention phases of the TEMP, whereas attention/working memory and executive composite scores were correlated with the time-based condition and performance on the ongoing task. These results suggest the presence of global PM impairment during the acute phase of mTBI, as well as impairment of retrospective memory, attention/working memory, and executive functions, which are key components for PM performance.
前瞻性记忆（PM）是指在未来适当的时间记住执行意图的能力。它对日常生活至关重要，其障碍可能会影响功能自主性。迄今为止，尽管轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）的这种神经状况很普遍，并且可能对认知能力产生潜在影响，但很少有研究在 mTBI 的急性期检查 PM。20 名 mTBI 患者（受伤后时间从 45 天到 73 天不等）和 15 名健康对照组参与者完成了前瞻性记忆生态测试（TEMP），这是一项模拟差事任务，要求参与者执行 10 项基于事件（EB）和 5 项基于时间（TB）的任务。TEMP 分别评估基于事件和基于时间的条件下 PM 的各个阶段以及前瞻性和回溯性成分。参与者还完成了神经心理学测试组合。在 TEMP 和认知综合评分之间进行了相关性分析。mTBI 患者在学习意图内容、在基于时间的条件下检索这些意图（前瞻性成分）以及在基于事件和基于时间的条件下回忆相关动作（回溯性成分）方面存在困难。回溯记忆综合评分与 TEMP 的学习和保留阶段相关，而注意力/工作记忆和执行综合评分与基于时间的条件和正在进行的任务表现相关。这些结果表明，在 mTBI 的急性期存在整体 PM 障碍，以及回溯记忆、注意力/工作记忆和执行功能障碍，这些都是 PM 表现的关键组成部分。
