Dong Xiaotian, Liu Jingqi, Xu Yanping, Cao Hongcui
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China.
Exp Ther Med. 2019 May;17(5):3835-3847. doi: 10.3892/etm.2019.7450. Epub 2019 Mar 27.
Liver macrophages make up the largest proportion of tissue macrophages in the host and consist of two dissimilar groups: Kupffer cells (KCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMø). As the liver is injured, KCs sense the injury and initiate inflammatory cascades mediated by the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Subsequently, inflammatory monocytes accumulate in the liver via chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions, resulting in massive inflammatory MoMø infiltration. When live r injury ceases, restorative macrophages, derived from recruited inflammatory monocytes (lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C monocytes), promote the resolution of hepatic damage and fibrosis. Consequently, a large number of studies have assessed the mechanisms by which liver macrophages exert their opposing functions at different time-points during liver injury. The present review primarily focuses on the diverse functions of macrophages in experimental liver injury, fibrosis and repair in mice and illustrates how macrophages may be targeted to treat liver disease.
肝巨噬细胞在宿主体内构成了组织巨噬细胞的最大比例，由两个不同的群体组成：库普弗细胞（KCs）和单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞（MoMø）。随着肝脏受到损伤，KCs感知到损伤并通过释放炎性细胞因子和趋化因子启动炎症级联反应。随后，炎性单核细胞通过趋化因子 - 趋化因子受体相互作用在肝脏中积聚，导致大量炎性MoMø浸润。当肝损伤停止时，源自募集的炎性单核细胞（淋巴细胞抗原6复合体，C位点单核细胞）的修复性巨噬细胞促进肝损伤和纤维化的消退。因此，大量研究评估了肝巨噬细胞在肝损伤不同时间点发挥其相反功能的机制。本综述主要关注巨噬细胞在小鼠实验性肝损伤、纤维化和修复中的多种功能，并阐述了如何靶向巨噬细胞来治疗肝病。
