Micheli Massimo Renato, Rossi Alfredo, Rossi Giovanni, Rosamilia Alfonso, Guidi Emanuele
Local Sanitary Authority of Modena.
Local Sanitary Authority of Benevento.
Ital J Food Saf. 2019 Mar 22;8(1):7119. doi: 10.4081/ijfs.2019.7119. eCollection 2019 Mar 18.
Primary production has always been considered the weak link in the entire food production chain () and, due also to the grave health and food emergencies that have taken place over the years (BSE, dioxin, avian flu etc.), greater attention has been focused on the production stage, together with the need to regain the consumers' faith. To preserve and support small farms in a local setting and, consistent with the aims of flexibility and respecting the main requisites contained in the EC Regulations (No. 852/2004; No. 853/2004) (European Commission, 2004; 2004a), production is allowed for tastingadministration on the premises and the processing and sales of agricultural products produced exclusively on the farm, such as: fresh meat from poultry and rabbits and small farmed wild animals; processed meats obtained from animals raised on the farm and from hunting; fishing and aquaculture products; raw milk for direct human consumption and dairy products; eggs, honey, fruit and vegetables, woodland products; jams and preserved fruit, flours, vegetable preserves, wild above ground and underground mushrooms; dried fruits, fruit juices, cereals, syrups; oil, wine, bread and baked products. This possibility is reserved for individual farmers or co-operatives, registered in the company register according to Article 8 of the Law 29th December 1993 No. 580 (Italian Republic, 1993); who may sell directly inside and outside farm, products coming mainly from the respective farms, observing the current regulations regarding health and hygiene. All this should provide an instrument for rural and competitive development for the entire European agricultural production chain strongly influenced by the marketing conditions imposed by the mass retailing groups on their own suppliers. Not least is the possibility of creating work and occupation and adequately counteracting the phenomenon of the depopulation of the countryside, encouraging the return to agricultural activities on the part of young people; and, consequently, a form of safeguarding the environment by reducing the costs linked to hydro-geological instability and soil maintenance. This trend, together with the national directions, may represent a support even for small local farms which, taking advantage of simplified procedures consistent with the objectives of flexibility of the community Regulations (EC) (No. 852/2004; No. 853/2004) (European Commission, 2004; 2004a), may take part in the promotion of agricultural markets managed directly by the farmers as sales points for local products , so as to guarantee a fairer price and consolidate the territorial link between production and consumption (short distribution chain or short circuit). Without, of course, renouncing the necessary prerequisites for placing any food on the market: health-hygiene; traceability; health and well-being of the animals; safeguarding of the environment and the plants.
初级生产一直被视为整个食品生产链中的薄弱环节(),并且,由于多年来发生的严重健康和食品紧急情况(疯牛病、二恶英、禽流感等),人们更加关注生产阶段,同时也需要重新赢得消费者的信任。为了在当地环境中保护和支持小型农场,并符合欧盟法规(第852/2004号;第853/2004号)(欧盟委员会,2004年;2004a年)中灵活性和尊重主要要求的目标,允许在农场场所进行试吃管理以及加工和销售仅在农场生产的农产品,例如:家禽、兔子和小型养殖野生动物的鲜肉;农场饲养动物和狩猎所得动物制成的加工肉类;渔业和水产养殖产品;直接供人食用的生牛奶和乳制品;鸡蛋、蜂蜜、水果和蔬菜、林地产品;果酱和腌制水果、面粉、蔬菜罐头、地上和地下野生蘑菇;干果、果汁、谷物、糖浆;油、葡萄酒、面包和烘焙产品。这种可能性仅适用于根据1993年12月29日第580号法律(意大利共和国,1993年)第8条在公司登记册中注册的个体农民或合作社;他们可以在农场内外直接销售主要来自各自农场的产品,同时遵守现行的健康和卫生法规。所有这些都应为整个欧洲农业生产链的农村和竞争性发展提供一种手段,但该生产链受到大型零售集团对其供应商施加的营销条件的强烈影响。创造工作和就业机会以及充分应对农村人口减少现象、鼓励年轻人回归农业活动的可能性也很重要;因此,这也是一种通过降低与水文地质不稳定和土壤维护相关的成本来保护环境的方式。这种趋势与国家指导方针一起,甚至可能对小型地方农场起到支持作用,这些农场利用符合欧盟法规(EC)(第852/2004号;第853/2004号)(欧盟委员会,2004年;2004a年)灵活性目标的简化程序,可以参与由农民直接管理的农产品市场的推广,作为当地产品的销售点,从而保证更公平的价格并巩固生产与消费之间的地域联系(短分销链或短路)。当然,在不放弃任何食品上市所需的必要前提条件的情况下:健康卫生;可追溯性;动物的健康和福利;环境保护和植物保护。