Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Unidad de Investigación Psicobiología de las Drogodependencias, Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Behav Brain Res. 2019 Aug 5;368:111891. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.04.005. Epub 2019 Apr 19.
Over the past few years, the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on cognitive functions have been broadly studied as a model of obesity, although no studies have evaluated whether these effects are maintained after the cessation of this diet. In addition, the behavioral effects of having a limited access to an HFD (binge-eating pattern) are mostly unknown, although they dramatically increase the vulnerability to drug use in contrast to having continuous access. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare the effects of an intermittent versus a continuous exposure to an HFD during adolescence on cognition and anxiety-like behaviors, as well as to study the changes observed after the interruption of this diet. Adolescent male mice received for 40 days a standard diet, an HFD with continuous access or an HFD with sporadic limited access (2 h, three days a week). Two additional groups were fed with intermittent or continuous access to the HFD and withdrawn from this diet 15 days before the behavioral tests. Only the animals with a continuous access to the HFD showed higher circulating leptin levels, increased bodyweight, marked memory and spatial learning deficits, symptoms that disappeared after 15 days of HFD abstinence. Mice that binged on fat only showed hyperlocomotion, which normalized after 15 days of HFD cessation. However, discontinuation of fat, either in a binge or a continuous pattern, led to an increase in anxiety-like behavior. These results highlight that exposure to a high-fat diet during adolescence induces alterations in brain functions, although the way in which this diet is ingested determines the extent of these behavioral changes.
在过去的几年中，高脂肪饮食（HFD）对认知功能的影响已被广泛研究，作为肥胖的模型，尽管没有研究评估在停止这种饮食后这些影响是否仍然存在。此外，HFD 摄入量有限（暴食模式）的行为影响大多未知，尽管与连续摄入相比，它们大大增加了对药物使用的易感性。因此，本研究的目的是比较青春期间歇性和连续暴露于 HFD 对认知和焦虑样行为的影响，并研究中断这种饮食后观察到的变化。青春期雄性小鼠接受标准饮食、连续摄入 HFD 或间歇性摄入 HFD（2 小时，每周三天）40 天。另外两组分别接受间歇性或连续摄入 HFD，并在行为测试前 15 天停止这种饮食。只有连续摄入 HFD 的动物显示出更高的循环瘦素水平、体重增加、明显的记忆和空间学习缺陷，这些症状在 HFD 戒断 15 天后消失。仅暴食脂肪的小鼠表现出过度活跃，在 HFD 停止 15 天后恢复正常。然而，无论是暴食还是连续模式，停止摄入脂肪都会导致焦虑样行为增加。这些结果表明，青春期暴露于高脂肪饮食会导致大脑功能发生变化，尽管这种饮食的摄入方式决定了这些行为变化的程度。
