Department of Health & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Campus de Montepríncipe, 28668 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, C/Ciudad Escolar s/n, 44003 Teruel, Spain.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 19;11(9):2253. doi: 10.3390/nu11092253.
Dietary factors have significant effects on the brain, modulating mood, anxiety, motivation and cognition. To date, no attention has been paid to the consequences that the combination of ethanol (EtOH) and a high-fat diet (HFD) have on learning and mood disorders during adolescence. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the biochemical and behavioral consequences of ethanol binge drinking and an HFD consumption in adolescent mice.
Animals received either a standard diet or an HFD (ad libitum vs. binge pattern) in combination with ethanol binge drinking and were evaluated in anxiety and memory. The metabolic profile and gene expression of leptin receptors and clock genes were also evaluated.
Excessive white adipose tissue and an increase in plasma insulin and leptin levels were mainly observed in ad libitum HFD + EtOH mice. An upregulation of the Lepr gene expression in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus was also observed in ad libitum HFD groups. EtOH-induced impairment on spatial memory retrieval was absent in mice exposed to an HFD, although the aversive memory deficits persisted. Mice bingeing on an HFD only showed an anxiolytic profile, without other alterations. We also observed a mismatch between and expression in ad libitum HFD animals, which were mostly independent of EtOH bingeing.
Our results confirm the bidirectional influence that occurs between the composition and intake pattern of a HFD and ethanol consumption during adolescence, even when the metabolic, behavioral and chronobiological effects of this interaction are dissociated.
饮食因素对大脑有显著影响，可调节情绪、焦虑、动机和认知。迄今为止，人们尚未关注乙醇（EtOH）和高脂肪饮食（HFD）的组合对青春期学习和情绪障碍的影响。本研究旨在评估青春期小鼠乙醇 binge 饮酒和 HFD 摄入的生化和行为后果。
动物接受标准饮食或 HFD（随意进食与 binge 进食模式）与乙醇 binge 饮酒相结合，并在焦虑和记忆方面进行评估。还评估了瘦素受体和时钟基因的代谢谱和基因表达。
主要在随意进食 HFD + EtOH 小鼠中观察到白色脂肪组织过度增加和血浆胰岛素和瘦素水平升高。在prefrontal cortex 和 hippocampus 中也观察到 Lepr 基因表达上调。在暴露于 HFD 的小鼠中，乙醇诱导的空间记忆检索受损消失，尽管厌恶记忆缺陷仍然存在。仅 binge 进食 HFD 的小鼠表现出焦虑缓解的特征，没有其他改变。我们还观察到随意进食 HFD 动物中 和 表达之间的不匹配，这主要与 EtOH binge 无关。
我们的研究结果证实了青春期高脂肪饮食的组成和摄入模式与乙醇摄入之间的双向影响，即使这种相互作用的代谢、行为和生物钟影响被分离。
