Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto City Hospital Organization, Kyoto, Japan.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2019 Apr 1;60(5):1724-1733. doi: 10.1167/iovs.18-26390.
To evaluate the fatty acid (FA) composition in the meibum of pre- and postmenopausal women and age-matched men.
This prospective study involved 24 healthy subjects; six premenopausal women in their 30s with a regular menstrual cycle (young-female [yF] group), six postmenopausal women in their 60s (elderly-female [eF] group), and 12 age-matched men (i.e., young-male [yM] and elderly-male [eM] groups, respectively). The menstrual cycle was divided into six phases (phase I-VI). Meibum was obtained from the meibomian gland orifices via a Daviel spoon, and its FA composition was then analyzed via gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the GC-MS results.
The mean FA composition of all subjects was 40% saturated FAs (SFA) and 60% unsaturated FAs (UFAs). The PCA results of all groups indicated two categories (PC1 [77.5%] and PC2 [12.4%]); one consisting of yF-group samples of mainly phase II and III and the other consisting of the yF-group samples of the rest of the cycle, as well as from eF-group, yM-group, and eM-group samples. Each group had a distinctive nature. The FAs that most contributed to PC1 were C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0 in a positive correlation, and C18:1n9 in a negative correlation.
FA composition noticeably changes during the menstrual cycle and is somewhat affected by sex and age. The ratio of SFAs (C16:0, C18:0) to mono-UFAs (C18:1n9) in the FA composition might have an impact on the lipid quality of meibum, thus suggesting alteration of its melting temperature and viscosity.
评估绝经前和绝经后女性以及年龄匹配男性的睑板腺油脂的脂肪酸（FA）组成。
本前瞻性研究纳入了 24 名健康受试者；六名 30 多岁、月经周期规律的绝经前女性（年轻女性 [yF] 组）、六名 60 多岁的绝经后女性（老年女性 [eF] 组）和 12 名年龄匹配的男性（即年轻男性 [yM] 和老年男性 [eM] 组）。月经周期分为六个阶段（I-VI 期）。通过 Daviel 勺从睑板腺开口获取睑板腺油脂，通过气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析其 FA 组成。对 GC-MS 结果进行主成分分析（PCA）。
所有受试者的平均 FA 组成分别为 40%饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和 60%不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）。所有组的 PCA 结果表明存在两个类别（PC1 [77.5%]和 PC2 [12.4%]）；一个由 yF 组的主要为 II 期和 III 期的样本组成，另一个由 yF 组的其余周期的样本以及 eF 组、yM 组和 eM 组的样本组成。每个组都有独特的性质。对 PC1 贡献最大的 FA 是 C14:0、C16:0 和 C18:0 呈正相关，而 C18:1n9 呈负相关。
FA 组成在月经周期中明显变化，并且受到性别和年龄的一定影响。FA 组成中 SFA（C16:0、C18:0）与单不饱和脂肪酸（C18:1n9）的比例可能会影响睑板腺油脂的脂质质量，从而提示其熔点和粘度的变化。
