Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78 000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 12;16(8):1324. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081324.
Health literacy (HL) has become an important area of research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HL of primary healthcare patients in the Republic of Srpska (RS), Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) and to identify socioeconomic and health factors associated with HL. This cross-sectional study among 768 patients was conducted in two healthcare centres between March and May 2017, using the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA). Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics (a chi-squared test and logistic regression). Inadequate and marginal HL was found in 34,6% of respondents. Socioeconomic and self-reported health factors were significantly related to HL. An age of 55 years and over (OR 1.02), living in a rural environment (OR 2.25), being divorced (OR 3.32), being insufficiently physically active (OR 1.29), having poor income (OR 1.96), having more than three chronic diseases (OR 1.94), and poor health (OR 1.59) were significantly corelated with inadequate and marginal HL. The results of our study indicate that a low level of HL is related to the elderly, having a divorce, having a rural residence, poor income, having more than three chronic diseases, poor health, and insufficient physical activity. Further evaluation, monitoring, and activities to improve HL are of great importance for patients' health outcomes.
健康素养（HL）已成为一个重要的研究领域。本研究旨在评估波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那（波黑）斯普斯卡共和国（RS）初级保健患者的 HL，并确定与 HL 相关的社会经济和健康因素。2017 年 3 月至 5 月期间，在两家医疗中心对 768 名患者进行了这项横断面研究，使用成人功能性健康素养简短测试（S-TOFHLA）。采用描述性和推断性统计分析（卡方检验和逻辑回归）进行分析。在 34.6%的受访者中发现 HL 不足和边缘。社会经济和自我报告的健康因素与 HL 显著相关。55 岁及以上（OR 1.02）、居住在农村环境（OR 2.25）、离婚（OR 3.32）、身体活动不足（OR 1.29）、收入低（OR 1.96）、患有三种以上慢性病（OR 1.94）和健康状况差（OR 1.59）与 HL 不足和边缘显著相关。我们的研究结果表明，HL 水平较低与老年人、离婚、农村居住、收入低、患有三种以上慢性病、健康状况差和身体活动不足有关。进一步评估、监测和提高 HL 的活动对患者的健康结果非常重要。
