Chesak Sherry S, Cutshall Susanne M, Bowe Cassandra L, Montanari Katherine M, Bhagra Anjali
Mayo Clinic.
J Holist Nurs. 2019 Sep;37(3):288-295. doi: 10.1177/0898010119842693. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
The nursing literature contains numerous studies on stress management interventions for nurses, but their overall levels of evidence remain unclear. Holistic nurses use best-available evidence to guide practice with self-care interventions. Ongoing discovery of knowledge, dissemination of research findings, and evidence-based practice are the foundation of specialized practice in holistic nursing. This literature review aimed to identify the current level of evidence for stress management interventions for nurses. A systematic search and review of the literature was used to summarize existing research related to stress management interventions for nurses and recommend directions for future research and practice. Ninety articles met the inclusion criteria for this study and were categorized and analyzed for scientific rigor. Various stress management interventions for nurses have been investigated, most of which are aimed at treatment of the individual versus the environment. Contemporary studies only moderately meet the identified standards of research design. Issues identified include lack of randomized controlled trials, little use of common measurement instruments across studies, and paucity of investigations regarding organizational strategies to reduce nurses' stress. Future research is indicated to include well-designed randomized controlled trials, standardized measurement tools, and more emphasis on interventions aimed at the environment.
护理文献中有大量关于护士压力管理干预措施的研究，但其总体证据水平仍不明确。整体护理护士运用现有最佳证据来指导自我护理干预措施的实践。持续的知识发现、研究成果传播以及循证实践是整体护理专业实践的基础。这篇文献综述旨在确定护士压力管理干预措施的当前证据水平。通过对文献进行系统检索和综述，总结与护士压力管理干预措施相关的现有研究，并为未来研究和实践推荐方向。90篇文章符合本研究的纳入标准，并对其进行分类和科学严谨性分析。已对多种护士压力管理干预措施进行了研究，其中大多数旨在针对个体而非环境进行治疗。当代研究仅适度符合所确定的研究设计标准。发现的问题包括缺乏随机对照试验、各项研究中很少使用通用测量工具，以及关于减少护士压力的组织策略的调查匮乏。未来研究建议包括设计完善的随机对照试验、标准化测量工具，并更加强调针对环境的干预措施。
