焦点小组支持下的一种评估护理专业学生自感体力消耗的工具的开发及心理测量学探索。
Focus group-supported development and psychometric exploration of an instrument to assess perceived physical exertion in nursing students.
作者信息
Lorenz Eva, Grüne Eva, Popp Johanna, Pfeifer Klaus, Carl Johannes
机构信息
Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2024 Dec 30;23(1):957. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02639-9.
BACKGROUND
The physical demands of nurses during their work and education are high. In addition, shortage in nursing staff increases the individual workload. However, an appropriate tool to measure perceived physical exertion in nursing students is missing. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to design a questionnaire to assess perceived physical exertion in nursing students during their vocational education and to explore its factor structure.
METHODS
We initially conducted two parallel semi-structured focus group interviews with purposefully sampled nursing students to gain insights into their daily physical load. We coded the material and derived an initial set of 35 items (work-related and school-related). Subsequently, we conducted another semi-structured focus group interview with purposefully sampled nursing students of another school to cross-validate the items and refine the preliminary questionnaire according to their responses. To check the psychometric quality and factor structure of the questionnaire, we used data of 237 nursing students from 16 different nursing schools. We analyzed the items (n = 30) descriptively (including internal consistency via Cronbach's α) and examined the structure of the questionnaire using exploratory factor analyses.
RESULTS
In the focus group interviews, we found different categories that play a role for perceived physical exertion in nursing vocational education: 'general conditions', 'patient', 'additional load', 'locomotion', 'awkward postures', 'one-sided load' and 'others'. The factor analyses suggested three factors explaining the structure of the questionnaire. We registered satisfactory item statistics and good internal consistencies for all three factors: 'relocating and handling of objects' (α = 0.967); 'personal care of patients' (α = 0.910); 'relocating patients' (α = .809). The final questionnaire comprises 30 items (28 work-related, two school-related).
CONCLUSION
The developed questionnaire provided initial evidence for content validity and internal consistency of the factors. The instrument can be used to detect perceived physical exertion in nursing students and thus help specifically address health-related problems. There is a need for a further confirmatory approach to cross-validate the questionnaire.
TRAIL REGISTRATION
Clinical trials NCT05817396.
背景
护士在工作和学习期间对身体的要求很高。此外，护理人员短缺增加了个人工作量。然而，目前缺少一种合适的工具来测量护理专业学生感知到的身体疲劳程度。因此，本研究的目的是设计一份问卷，以评估护理专业学生在职业教育期间感知到的身体疲劳程度，并探索其因子结构。
方法
我们最初对有目的抽样的护理专业学生进行了两次平行的半结构化焦点小组访谈，以深入了解他们日常的身体负荷情况。我们对材料进行编码，得出了一组最初的35个项目（与工作相关和与学校相关）。随后，我们对另一所学校有目的抽样的护理专业学生进行了另一次半结构化焦点小组访谈，以交叉验证这些项目，并根据他们的回答完善初步问卷。为了检验问卷的心理测量质量和因子结构，我们使用了来自16所不同护理学校的237名护理专业学生的数据。我们对项目（n = 30）进行了描述性分析（包括通过Cronbach's α系数检验内部一致性），并使用探索性因子分析来检验问卷的结构。
结果
在焦点小组访谈中，我们发现了在护理职业教育中对感知到的身体疲劳程度起作用的不同类别：“一般情况”、“患者”、“额外负荷”、“移动”、“别扭姿势”、“单侧负荷”和“其他”。因子分析表明有三个因子可以解释问卷的结构。我们记录了所有三个因子令人满意的项目统计数据和良好的内部一致性：“物品的搬运和处理”（α = 0.967）；“患者的个人护理”（α = 0.910）；“患者的转运”（α = 0.809）。最终问卷包括30个项目（28个与工作相关，2个与学校相关）。
结论
所开发的问卷为因子的内容效度和内部一致性提供了初步证据。该工具可用于检测护理专业学生感知到的身体疲劳程度，从而有助于具体解决与健康相关的问题。需要进一步采用验证性方法来交叉验证该问卷。
试验注册
临床试验NCT编号为NCT05817396。
Zotero 插件