Chilundo Abel G, Mukaratirwa Samson, Pondja Alberto, Afonso Sónia, Miambo Regina, Johansen Maria Vang
Faculty of Veterinary, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Science, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2017 Jan;7:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.11.008. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of parasitic infections in pigs kept under smallholder farming system in Angónia district, Tete Province, Mozambique. A total of 262 pigs from 133 households of six villages were randomly selected. From each pig blood, faecal samples, full body searches, and skin scrapings were conducted to determine the prevalence of Taenia solium (using Ag-ELISA), gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, and ectoparasites respectively. A questionnaire survey was administered to smallholder pig farmers to assess their knowledge and perceptions of health and pig management and an observational study was conducted to determine their pig management practices. The overall prevalence of porcine cysticercosis by Ag-ELISA was 12.6%, GI nematodes 21.4%, Eimeria spp. 8.0% and ectoparasites 37.8%. Four helminths species namely, Metastrongylus spp., Hyostrongylus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Trichostrongylus spp., were identified from by copro culture, and through faecal egg count, Ascaris suum and Trichuris suis were identified. Haematopinus suis, Rhipicephalus spp. and Echidnophaga gallinacea were found with a prevalence of 32.4%, 7.6%, and 6.9%, respectively. The only significant risk factor identified to be related to the parasite prevalence was pig origin (village), for both gastrointestinal parasites (OR=10.81[0.81-57.27]) and ectoparasites (OR=7.06[1.42-35.03]). This study provided evidence that parasitic infections in pigs constitute a major burden for smallholder pig farmers in Angónia district, and that porcine cysticercosis is a public health threat in the area and immediate attention is needed for control and prevention of the parasite.
在莫桑比克太特省安戈尼亚区的小农养殖系统中，开展了一项横断面研究，以确定猪寄生虫感染的流行情况及相关风险因素。从六个村庄的133户家庭中随机选取了262头猪。分别对每头猪进行血液、粪便样本采集、全身检查和皮肤刮片检查，以确定猪带绦虫（采用抗原酶联免疫吸附测定法）、胃肠道寄生虫和体外寄生虫的感染率。对小农养猪户进行了问卷调查，以评估他们对健康和养猪管理的知识与认知，并开展了一项观察性研究，以确定他们的养猪管理做法。通过抗原酶联免疫吸附测定法得出猪囊尾蚴病的总体感染率为12.6%，胃肠道线虫为21.4%，艾美耳属原虫为8.0%，体外寄生虫为37.8%。通过粪便培养鉴定出四种蠕虫，即后圆线虫属、猪圆线虫属、食道口线虫属、毛圆线虫属，通过粪便虫卵计数鉴定出猪蛔虫和猪鞭虫。发现猪血虱、璃眼蜱属和鸡皮刺螨的感染率分别为32.4%、7.6%和6.9%。确定与寄生虫感染率相关的唯一显著风险因素是猪的来源（村庄），对于胃肠道寄生虫（比值比=10.81[0.81 - 57.27]）和体外寄生虫（比值比=7.06[1.42 - 35.03]）均如此。该研究证明，猪的寄生虫感染是安戈尼亚区小农养猪户的一项主要负担，并且猪囊尾蚴病是该地区的公共卫生威胁，需要立即关注寄生虫的控制和预防。
