Papadopoulos Elias, Angelou Athanasios, Diakou Anastasia, Halos Lenaïg, Beugnet Frederic
Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Merial SAS, 29 Av Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2017 Jan;7:48-53. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.12.005. Epub 2016 Dec 16.
Canine vector-borne diseases are highly endemic in European countries of the Mediterranean basin. The use of repellent insecticides aids to reduce the risk of pathogen transmission. The primary objective of this 5-month serological field study conducted in a highly endemic area of canine leishmaniosis in Greece was to comparatively assess the effectiveness of a topical formulation of fipronil/permethrin (Frontline Tri-Act®/Frontect®) and of a deltamethrin collar (Scalibor®) for the prevention of Leishmania infantum transmission. Initially, 72 clinically healthy owned dogs were sampled for inclusion. Ten out of the 72 (13.8%) were seropositive according to the Snap Leish® ELISA test and removed. Ultimately, a total of 56 dogs were followed from May to October 2015 with monthly blood samples and serological tests based on Snap Leish® and Snap 4Dx® ELISA tests. Twenty-five dogs were treated with deltamethrin collar (Scalibor®) (Group 1) and 31 were treated monthly with the topical fipronil/permethrin formulation (Group 2). In group 1, three dogs out of 25 (12%) seroconverted for Leishmania whereas none of the dogs (0/31) seroconverted in group 2. In addition, this trial provided means to serological assess the transmission of other vector-borne pathogens. Regarding Anaplasma spp., one dog in each group was seropositive at the beginning of the study and no dogs became positive during the study. For Ehrlichia canis, 9/25 (36%) dogs in group 1 and 5/31 (16.1%) in group 2 were seropositive at inclusion time. Two out of 16 (11.8%) and 3/26 (11.5%) dogs became positive for E. canis after 3months in groups 1 and 2, respectively. No Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato seropositive dog was found during the study. In regard to Dirofilaria immitis, 7/25 (28%) dogs and 12/31 (38.7%) were antigen-positive in groups 1 and 2, respectively, at inclusion. There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 2 in regard to new seroconversions during the trial. This study, conducted in a highly endemic area for vector-borne pathogen transmission, confirmed that the use of deltamethrin and permethrin is a suitable approach to reduce the risk of L. infantum infection by sandflies.
犬媒传播疾病在地中海盆地的欧洲国家高度流行。使用驱虫杀虫剂有助于降低病原体传播风险。在希腊犬利什曼病高度流行地区进行的这项为期5个月的血清学现场研究的主要目的是比较评估氟虫腈/氯菊酯局部用制剂（福来恩三效/弗罗泰克）和溴氰菊酯项圈（司凯力）预防婴儿利什曼原虫传播的效果。最初，对72只临床健康的家养犬进行采样以纳入研究。根据Snap Leish® ELISA检测，72只中有10只（13.8%）血清呈阳性并被排除。最终，从2015年5月至10月对总共56只犬进行跟踪，每月采集血样并基于Snap Leish®和Snap 4Dx® ELISA检测进行血清学检测。25只犬用溴氰菊酯项圈（司凯力）治疗（第1组），31只犬每月用氟虫腈/氯菊酯局部用制剂治疗（第2组）。在第1组中，25只中有3只（12%）犬利什曼原虫血清转化，而第2组中无犬血清转化（0/31）。此外，该试验提供了血清学评估其他媒介传播病原体传播的方法。关于无形体属，每组各有1只犬在研究开始时血清呈阳性，研究期间无犬转为阳性。对于犬埃立克体，第1组9/25（36%）的犬和第2组5/31（16.1%）的犬在纳入时血清呈阳性。第1组和第2组分别有16只中的2只（11.8%）和26只中的3只（11.5%）犬在第３个月后犬埃立克体呈阳性。研究期间未发现莱姆病狭义血清阳性犬。关于犬恶丝虫，第1组7/25（28%）的犬和第2组12/31（38.7%）的犬在纳入时抗原呈阳性。试验期间第1组和第2组在新的血清转化方面无显著差异。在媒介传播病原体传播高度流行地区进行的这项研究证实，使用溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯是降低白蛉传播婴儿利什曼原虫感染风险的合适方法。
