Mushonga Borden, Habarugira Gervais, Birori Aloys, Kandiwa Erick, Samkange Alaster, Bhebhe Evison
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Neudamm Campus, University of Namibia, P. Bag 13301, Pioneerspark, Windhoek, Namibia.
School of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Rwanda, P.O. Box 57, Nyagatare, Rwanda.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2018 Dec;14:18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.07.010. Epub 2018 Jul 31.
This study investigated the magnitude of porcine cysticercosis (PC), its risk factors, economic effects and the perceptions of 80 pig farmers from Nyabimata (n = 38) and Muganza (n = 42) and 20 registered butchers in the Nyaruguru district of Rwanda. January to December 2013 slaughter records from Kamirabagenzi market were also analysed for PC diagnoses based on the tongue test and meat inspection. During this period, the responding farmers' records showed a tongue test-based PC magnitude (3.9%, n = 984) which was lower than the collective tongue test-based PC magnitude of 9.2% (n = 1720) at Kamirabagenzi (p < .05). The overall magnitude of PC based on routine meat inspection diagnosis at Kamirabagenzi was 4%. The overall magnitude of PC for respondents using Free-range production systems (7.9%) was significantly greater than for those in Semi-intensive (2.1%) and Intensive production systems (1.5%) (p < .05). Though most farmers (90%) knew that PC is zoonotic, only 22.5% of the farmers opted for treatment of PC-infected pigs and 52.5% were willing to seek veterinary inspection while the rest (25%) opted to circumvent veterinary inspection (P > .05). Most butchers (70%) indicated they would circumvent veterinary inspection and continue to slaughter PC-positive animals whilst the rest (30%) indicated they would resell PC positive animals to defray costs (P < .05). The low sensitivity and specificity of methods used for PC detection in the study, implies that this may just be the tip of an iceberg and the actual magnitude is most likely to be much higher. In conclusion, PC is endemic in the Nyaruguru district of Rwanda with a high proportion of positive animals. The condition has public health implications and is worsening the economic plight of the impoverished Nyaruguru community.
本研究调查了卢旺达尼亚鲁古鲁地区猪囊尾蚴病（PC）的流行程度、风险因素、经济影响以及来自尼亚比马塔（n = 38）和穆甘扎（n = 42）的80名养猪户和20名注册屠夫的认知情况。还对2013年1月至12月卡米拉巴根齐市场的屠宰记录进行了分析，以通过舌检和肉类检查诊断猪囊尾蚴病。在此期间，受访农户记录显示基于舌检的猪囊尾蚴病流行率为3.9%（n = 984），低于卡米拉巴根齐市场基于舌检的总体流行率9.2%（n = 1720）（p <.05）。基于卡米拉巴根齐市场常规肉类检查诊断的猪囊尾蚴病总体流行率为4%。采用放养生产系统的受访者的猪囊尾蚴病总体流行率（7.9%）显著高于半集约化（2.1%）和集约化生产系统（1.5%）的受访者（p <.05）。尽管大多数农户（90%）知道猪囊尾蚴病是人畜共患病，但只有22.5%的农户选择治疗感染猪囊尾蚴病的猪，52.5%的农户愿意寻求兽医检查，其余（25%）则选择规避兽医检查（P >.05）。大多数屠夫（70%）表示他们会规避兽医检查并继续屠宰猪囊尾蚴病呈阳性的动物，而其余（30%）表示他们会转售猪囊尾蚴病呈阳性的动物以支付成本（P <.05）。本研究中用于检测猪囊尾蚴病的方法的低敏感性和特异性意味着这可能只是冰山一角，实际流行率很可能更高。总之，猪囊尾蚴病在卢旺达尼亚鲁古鲁地区呈地方性流行，阳性动物比例很高。这种情况对公共卫生有影响，并且正在加剧贫困的尼亚鲁古鲁社区的经济困境。
