The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Nuclear Science Research Institute (NSRI), P. O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 23;9(1):6455. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42678-w.
Phosphine gas is an excellent fumigant for disinfesting stored grain of insect pests, but heavy reliance on phosphine has led to resistance in grain pests that threatens its efficacy. Phosphine-resistance was previously reported to be mediated by the enzyme DLD. Here we explore the relationship between phosphine toxicity and genotoxic treatments with the goal of understanding how phosphine works. Specifically, we utilized mutant lines either sensitive or resistant to phosphine, gamma irradiation or UV exposure. The phosphine-resistance mutation in the enzyme of energy metabolism, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase exhibited cross-resistance to UV and ionizing radiation. Two radiation-sensitive mutants that are defective in DNA repair as well as a mutant that is defective in the activation of the DAF-16 stress response transcription factor all exhibit sensitivity to phosphine that exceeds the sensitivity of the wild type control. A radiation resistance mutation in cep-1, the p53 orthologue, that is deficient in double strand break repair of DNA and is also deficient in apoptosis causes radiation-resistance results but sensitivity toward phosphine.
磷化氢气体是一种极好的熏蒸剂，可用于消灭储粮害虫，但对磷化氢的过度依赖导致了粮食害虫产生抗药性，从而威胁到其效果。以前有报道称，磷化氢抗性是由酶 DLD 介导的。在这里，我们探讨了磷化氢毒性与遗传毒性处理之间的关系，以期了解磷化氢的作用机制。具体来说，我们利用对磷化氢、γ 辐射或紫外线暴露敏感或有抗性的突变株系。在能量代谢酶二氢硫辛酰胺脱氢酶中，对磷化氢抗性的突变表现出对紫外线和电离辐射的交叉抗性。两个在 DNA 修复方面有缺陷的辐射敏感突变株系，以及一个在 DAF-16 应激反应转录因子激活方面有缺陷的突变株系，对磷化氢的敏感性都超过了野生型对照的敏感性。在 DNA 双链断裂修复有缺陷且细胞凋亡也有缺陷的 p53 同源物 cep-1 中的一个辐射抗性突变导致了对辐射的抗性，但对磷化氢敏感。
