Dhar Arun K, Piamsomboon Patharapol, Aranguren Caro Luis Fernando, Kanrar Siddhartha, Adami Robert, Juan Ya-Sheng
Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2019 Feb 7;132(3):241-247. doi: 10.3354/dao03330.
In June 2017, mass mortalities were reported at whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei farms in Texas, USA. PCR testing for OIE-listed and non-listed pathogens detected the pirA and pirB toxin genes associated with acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). DNA sequence analyses of cloned pirA and pirB genes showed them to be identical to those detected in other AHPND-causing Vibrio sp. Amplicons generated using PCR tests targeted to the toxR gene showed the Pir toxin genes to be associated with a V. parahaemolyticus type more similar to a genotype found in Mexico compared to that found in Asia. Histology detected masses of bacteria and hemocytic infiltrations as well as extensive necrosis and sloughing of epithelial cells in hepatopancreatic tubules pathognomonic of AHPND. The data support AHPND as the cause of the mortalities. Given that US companies produce shrimp broodstock for farms in Asia and Latin America, the further spread of AHPND in the USA needs to be prevented to avoid serious economic consequences to these industries.
2017年6月，美国得克萨斯州凡纳滨对虾养殖场报告出现大规模死亡事件。对世界动物卫生组织（OIE）列出和未列出的病原体进行PCR检测，发现了与急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）相关的pirA和pirB毒素基因。对克隆的pirA和pirB基因进行的DNA序列分析表明，它们与在其他导致AHPND的弧菌属中检测到的基因相同。使用针对toxR基因的PCR检测产生的扩增子显示，Pir毒素基因与一种副溶血性弧菌类型相关，该类型与在墨西哥发现的基因型比在亚洲发现的基因型更相似。组织学检测到大量细菌和血细胞浸润，以及肝胰腺小管中广泛的坏死和上皮细胞脱落，这是AHPND的特征。这些数据支持AHPND是死亡事件的原因。鉴于美国公司为亚洲和拉丁美洲的养殖场生产虾种，需要防止AHPND在美国进一步传播，以避免对这些行业造成严重经济后果。
