Heart Center, Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao Women's and Children's Hospital, 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao, 266034, Shandong, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Rizhao People's Hospital, 126 Taian Road, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China.
World J Pediatr. 2019 Jun;15(3):255-261. doi: 10.1007/s12519-019-00248-0. Epub 2019 Apr 24.
Recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) is a disease occurred frequently in preschool children.
A total of 120 RRTI children were randomly divided into active group, remission group, intervention group and control group, meanwhile 30 healthy children were selected as the healthy group. Children in the intervention group were given oral Bifidobaeterium tetravaccine tablets (Live) for 2 months, while the control group received routine treatment. Stool sample were detected to analyze the bacterial strains. The occurrence of respiratory tract infection (RTI) was compared between different groups during 1 year follow-up.
Compared with the healthy group, the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the active group, remission group, intervention group and control group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the intervention group was significantly higher compared to other RRTI groups (P < 0.05). During the follow-up period, the average annual frequency of different acute RTI and use of antibiotics were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), the average duration of cough, fever and use of antibiotics at each episode were also significantly shortened (P < 0.05) in the intervention group compared to the control group.
Children with RRTI are susceptible to intestinal flora imbalance. Oral probiotics can effectively improve the RRTI intestinal microecological balance in children and reduce the frequency of RTI.
反复呼吸道感染（RRTI）是学龄前儿童的常见病。
将 120 例 RRTI 患儿随机分为活动组、缓解组、干预组和对照组，同时选取 30 例健康儿童作为健康组。干预组给予口服双歧杆菌四联活菌片（Live）2 个月，对照组给予常规治疗。检测粪便样本分析细菌株。比较 1 年随访期间不同组呼吸道感染（RTI）的发生情况。
与健康组相比，活动组、缓解组、干预组和对照组双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量明显减少（P<0.05）。干预组双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌数量明显高于其他 RRTI 组（P<0.05）。随访期间，不同急性 RTI 的平均年频率和抗生素使用均明显减少（P<0.05），干预组咳嗽、发热和每次使用抗生素的平均持续时间也明显短于对照组（P<0.05）。
RRTI 患儿易发生肠道菌群失衡。口服益生菌可有效改善儿童 RRTI 肠道微生态平衡，降低 RTI 频率。
