1 Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain.
2 Instituto Superior de Educación Física, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay.
High Alt Med Biol. 2019 Jun;20(2):157-164. doi: 10.1089/ham.2018.0129. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
Therapeutic benefits of hypoxic training have been suggested for clinical populations, such as elderly who could suffer loss of lower limb muscle strength and higher risk of falling. This study investigated the effects of 18 weeks of whole-body vibration (WBV) training in normobaric hypoxia on the strength parameters of an elderly population. Thirty-one healthy elderly participants were randomly assigned to a hypoxic whole-body vibration group (HWBV; = 10), normoxic whole-body vibration group (NWBV; = 11), or control group ( = 10). The experimental groups received the same vibration treatment in a hypoxia chamber (HWBV: 16.1% fraction of inspired oxygen [FiO]; NWBV: 21.0% FiO). Isokinetic leg muscle strength was evaluated using a Biodex System-3 isokinetic dynamometer. Body composition was obtained with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. There were no significant differences between groups in either strength or body composition parameters. The NWBV group showed statistically significant improvements in the maximal strength of knee extensors, with a small effect size ( = 0.004; = 0.54). No significant differences were found in any variable of the HWBV group. The combination of WBV training and exposure to normobaric cyclic hypoxia carried out in the present study did not have an effect on strength parameters in healthy elderly subjects.
低氧训练对临床人群（如老年人）具有治疗益处，因为老年人可能会出现下肢肌肉力量下降和跌倒风险增加的情况。本研究调查了 18 周全身振动（WBV）在常压低氧环境下训练对老年人群力量参数的影响。31 名健康老年人被随机分配到低氧全身振动组（HWBV；吸入氧分数为 16.1%[FiO]）、常氧全身振动组（NWBV；FiO 为 21.0%）或对照组（10 人）。实验组在低氧舱中接受相同的振动治疗（HWBV：16.1% FiO；NWBV：21.0% FiO）。使用 Biodex System-3 等速测力计评估等速腿部肌肉力量。采用双能 X 射线吸收法测量身体成分。在力量或身体成分参数方面，各组之间均无显著差异。NWBV 组的膝关节伸肌最大力量有统计学显著改善，效果较小（ = 0.004； = 0.54）。HWBV 组未发现任何变量有显著差异。在本研究中，WBV 训练与常压低氧循环暴露相结合，对健康老年人的力量参数没有影响。
