Byun Yearin, Je Sang Hyun, Talapaneni Siddulu Naidu, Coskun Ali
Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of, Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin de Musee 9, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland.
Chemistry. 2019 Aug 6;25(44):10262-10283. doi: 10.1002/chem.201900940. Epub 2019 Jun 14.
Desiccant driven dehumidification for maintaining the proper humidity levels and atmospheric water capture with minimum energy penalty are important aspects in heat pumps, refrigeration, gas and liquid purifications, gas sensing, and clean water production for improved human health and comfort. Water adsorption by using nanoporous materials has emerged as a viable alternative to energy-intensive industrial processes, thus understanding the significance of their porosity, high surface areas, vast pore volumes, chemical and structural features relative to the water adsorption is quite important. In this review article, important features of nanoporous materials are presented, including zeolites, porous carbons, as well as crystalline and amorphous porous organic polymers (POPs) to define the interactions between the water molecules and the polar/non-polar functional groups on the surface of these nanoporous materials. In particular, focus is placed on the recent developments in POPs in the context of water capture as a result of their remarkable stability towards water and wide range of available synthetic routes and building blocks for their synthesis. We also highlighted recent approaches to increase the water sorption capacity of POPs by modifying their structure, morphology, porosity, and chemical functionality while emphasizing their promising future in this emerging area.
干燥剂驱动的除湿以维持适当的湿度水平以及以最小的能量消耗捕获大气中的水分，是热泵、制冷、气体和液体净化、气体传感以及生产清洁水以改善人类健康和舒适度等领域的重要方面。利用纳米多孔材料进行水吸附已成为能源密集型工业过程的可行替代方案，因此了解其孔隙率、高表面积、巨大的孔体积、化学和结构特征相对于水吸附的重要性非常重要。在这篇综述文章中，介绍了纳米多孔材料的重要特征，包括沸石、多孔碳以及结晶和无定形多孔有机聚合物（POPs），以确定水分子与这些纳米多孔材料表面的极性/非极性官能团之间的相互作用。特别值得关注的是，由于POPs对水具有显著的稳定性以及其合成具有广泛可用的合成路线和构建单元，因此在水捕获方面POPs的最新进展。我们还强调了通过改变POPs的结构、形态、孔隙率和化学官能团来提高其水吸附能力的最新方法，同时强调了它们在这个新兴领域的广阔前景。
