Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008, Bergen, Norway.
Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jun 26;20(1):1010. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09141-2.
Physical activity in adolescence is found to promote both immediate and long-term health, as well as school- and work performance. Previous studies suggest that parental socioeconomic status (SES) may influence the level of activity, although the results are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to examine the overall level of low physical activity/sports participation and the associations with parental SES and adolescent school program in a population-based study of older adolescents.
The youth@hordalandy study, a large population-based study in Hordaland county, Norway, conducted in 2012, included 10,257 adolescents aged 16-19 years (53% girls). Physical activity was examined by self-reported overall activity, and participation in organized team- and individual sports. Predictor variables were parental SES measured by youth self-reports of family economic well-being, parental education and work affiliation and self-reported current high school program (vocational versus general studies). Age, ethnicity, and family structure were included as covariates.
Girls who reported lower parental education had small, but significant higher risk for physical inactivity and non-participation in individual sports compared with their counterparts who reported higher family education (RRs ranging from 1.04 to 1.12, p < 0.01). There were some, but inconsistent, evidence of an increased risk for physical inactivity and non-participation in sports among those (and particularly boys) with lower family economic well-being. Parental work status was largely unrelated with physical inactivity/non-participation in sports. Adolescents in vocational studies had a small but significantly increased risk of physical inactivity and non-participation in sports compared with individuals in general studies (RRs ranging from 1.03 to 1.05, all p < 0.05).
We found some evidence of a social gradient for lower physical inactivity and non-participation in sports for adolescents. Although effect sizes were small, vocational studies was the most robust correlate for physical inactivity/non-participation in sports among the SES-variables, while the corresponding associations with parental education and family economic well-being differed by gender.
青少年时期的身体活动被发现既能促进即时健康，又能促进长期健康，还能提高学业和工作表现。先前的研究表明，父母的社会经济地位（SES）可能会影响活动水平，尽管结果不一致。本研究的目的是在一项针对老年青少年的基于人群的研究中，检查总体低体力活动/运动参与水平，以及与父母 SES 和青少年学校课程的关联。
2012 年在挪威霍达兰郡进行的一项大型基于人群的青年@霍达兰研究，纳入了 10257 名 16-19 岁的青少年（53%为女性）。身体活动通过自我报告的总体活动和有组织的团队和个人运动参与情况来检查。预测变量是青少年自我报告的家庭经济状况、父母教育和工作关系以及自我报告的当前高中课程（职业课程与普通课程）来衡量的父母 SES。年龄、种族和家庭结构被纳入协变量。
与报告较高家庭教育的同龄人相比，报告父母教育程度较低的女孩，身体活动不足和不参加个人运动的风险略高（RR 范围为 1.04-1.12，p<0.01）。那些（特别是男孩）家庭经济状况较差的人，身体活动不足和不参加运动的风险有一些，但不一致的证据。父母的工作状况与身体活动不足/不参加运动的关系不大。职业课程的青少年与普通课程的青少年相比，身体活动不足和不参加运动的风险略高（RR 范围为 1.03-1.05，均 p<0.05）。
我们发现青少年身体活动不足和不参加运动的社会阶层存在一些证据。尽管效应大小较小，但职业课程是 SES 变量中与身体活动不足/不参加运动最相关的因素，而与父母教育和家庭经济状况的关联在性别上有所不同。
