Tana Claudio, Schiavone Cosima, Ticinesi Andrea, Ricci Fabrizio, Giamberardino Maria Adele, Cipollone Francesco, Silingardi Mauro, Meschi Tiziana, Dietrich Christoph F
Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, Medicine Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy.
Department of Internistic Ultrasound, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, Chieti 66100, Italy.
World J Clin Cases. 2019 Apr 6;7(7):809-818. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i7.809.
Since it has been recognized that sarcoidosis (SA) is not an exclusive disorder of the lungs but can also affect other organs such as the liver and spleen, efforts have been made to define specific imaging criteria for the diagnosis of the single organ involvement, and the concept has been reinforced that the exclusion of alternative causes is important to achieve the correct diagnosis. Ultrasound (US) is a useful tool to evaluate patients with suspected abdominal SA, such as of the liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas and other organs, showing findings such as organomegaly, focal lesions and lymphadenopathy. While the diagnosis of abdominal SA is more predictable in the case of involvement of other organs (., lungs), the problem is more complex in the case of isolated abdominal SA. The recent use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound elastography has provided additional information about the enhancement patterns and tissue rigidity in abdominal SA. Here we critically review the role of US in abdominal SA, reporting typical findings and limitations of current evidence and by discussing future perspectives of study.
由于人们已经认识到结节病（SA）并非仅累及肺部的疾病，还可影响肝脏和脾脏等其他器官，因此已努力确定诊断单一器官受累的特定影像学标准，并且强化了这样的观念，即排除其他病因对于正确诊断至关重要。超声（US）是评估疑似腹部结节病患者（如肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、胰腺及其他器官）的有用工具，可显示器官肿大、局灶性病变及淋巴结病等表现。虽然在其他器官（如肺部）受累的情况下，腹部结节病的诊断更具可预测性，但在孤立性腹部结节病的情况下，问题则更为复杂。近期使用的对比增强超声和内镜超声弹性成像提供了有关腹部结节病增强模式和组织硬度的更多信息。在此，我们批判性地回顾超声在腹部结节病中的作用，报告当前证据的典型发现和局限性，并讨论未来的研究前景。
