Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Plant Dis. 2019 Jul;103(7):1559-1564. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1820-RE. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
The crown rust fungus f. sp. P. Syd. & Syd. () attacks cultivated oat and its wild relatives, causing significant losses to the crop worldwide. Although understanding the origin and dynamics of the pathogen's diversity is critical to developing methods for its control, there are little relevant data on virulence diversity in Europe, the global center of oat production. The goal of this study was to analyze the diversity of populations in Poland in 2013 to 2015 based on their ability to overcome currently available host resistance genes. isolate virulence was evaluated on a panel of lines containing 26 major resistance genes of oat. The isolates were able to overcome from 1 to 16 resistance genes each, with most isolates being virulent on five to seven lines. In all years, a very high level of crown rust pathotype diversity was observed, with Simpson and Evenness indices of 0.99. In total, 156 different pathotypes were detected, with no prevalent pathotype in any of the 3 years analyzed. The results showed that the virulence level of isolates was relatively low for each year studied (21% on average), most likely owing to the low take up of genes in Polish oat cultivars, meaning that many sources of resistance are still effective against races occurring in Poland. The long-range dispersal of spores supported by the availability of wild, weedy, and cultivated species makes it likely that the virulence profile seen in Poland is representative of much of central Europe and beyond.
冠锈菌 f. sp. P. Syd. & Syd.() 攻击栽培燕麦及其野生近缘种，在全球范围内对该作物造成重大损失。尽管了解病原体多样性的起源和动态对于开发控制方法至关重要，但关于欧洲（燕麦生产的全球中心）的毒力多样性的相关数据很少。本研究的目的是根据其克服现有宿主抗性基因的能力，分析 2013 年至 2015 年波兰种群的多样性。在含有 26 个燕麦主要抗性基因的品系组上评估分离物的毒力。这些分离物能够克服每个品系的 1 到 16 个抗性基因，大多数分离物对五到七个品系具有毒性。在所有年份中，均观察到非常高的冠锈病生理小种多样性，辛普森和均匀度指数分别为 0.99。共检测到 156 种不同的生理小种，在分析的 3 年中没有一种流行的生理小种。结果表明，每年研究的分离物的毒力水平相对较低（平均为 21%），这很可能是由于波兰燕麦品种中抗性基因的吸收水平较低，这意味着许多抗性来源对波兰发生的 菌系仍然有效。由于野生、杂草和栽培的 种的存在，支持孢子的长距离传播，因此波兰所见的毒力谱很可能代表中欧及其他地区的大部分地区。
