Brookhart G L, Edgecomb R S, Murdock L L
J Neurochem. 1987 Apr;48(4):1307-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb05662.x.
HPLC with electrochemical detection was used to determine the levels of p-hydroxyphenylethanolamine (octopamine), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brains of control, reserpine, and d-amphetamine-treated blow flies, Phormia regina Meigen. Parallel studies were carried out to assess the effects of the two drugs on fly feeding behavior, measured as mean acceptance threshold: the minimum sucrose concentration to which the average fly in a population will respond by proboscis extension when its tarsi contact the solution. In saline-injected control flies, all three amines were found at levels of approximately 2 pmol/brain. Thirty minutes after injection with d-amphetamine (12 micrograms/fly), brain octopamine was depleted by 85%, whereas dopamine and 5-HT were depleted by 70%. Reserpine (5 micrograms/fly) caused 70% depletion of dopamine and greater than 90% depletion of both octopamine and 5-HT 24 h after injection. However, the effect of reserpine was much slower in onset (hours versus minutes) and more persistent (days versus hours) than was the effect of d-amphetamine. With either drug, the time course of amine depletion closely matched the time course of the increase in feeding threshold observed in drug-treated flies. These results suggest that CNS pools of the biogenic amines, octopamine, dopamine, and 5-HT are important in governing blow fly responsiveness to food stimuli.
采用高效液相色谱电化学检测法，测定了对照、利血平及右旋苯丙胺处理过的丽蝇（Phormia regina Meigen）大脑中对羟基苯乙醇胺（章鱼胺）、3,4 - 二羟基苯乙胺（多巴胺）和5 - 羟色胺（5 - HT）的含量。同时进行了平行研究，以评估这两种药物对果蝇取食行为的影响，取食行为以平均接受阈值衡量：当果蝇跗节接触溶液时，群体中平均果蝇通过伸喙做出反应的最低蔗糖浓度。在注射生理盐水的对照果蝇中，所有三种胺类物质的含量均约为2 pmol/脑。注射右旋苯丙胺（12微克/只）30分钟后，大脑中的章鱼胺减少了85%，而多巴胺和5 - HT减少了70%。注射利血平（5微克/只）24小时后，多巴胺减少了70%，章鱼胺和5 - HT均减少了90%以上。然而，利血平的起效比右旋苯丙胺慢得多（数小时对数分钟），且作用更持久（数天对数小时）。使用任何一种药物时，胺类物质减少的时间进程与药物处理果蝇中观察到的取食阈值增加的时间进程密切匹配。这些结果表明，生物胺类物质章鱼胺、多巴胺和5 - HT的中枢神经系统库在控制丽蝇对食物刺激的反应性方面很重要。
