Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, St Lukes Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
School of Sport, Health and Well Being, Plymouth Marjon University, Derriford Road, Plymouth, PL6 8BH, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2019 Jul;119(7):1565-1580. doi: 10.1007/s00421-019-04146-1. Epub 2019 Apr 26.
To investigate the development of peak power output (PP) and mean power output (MP) during two different modes of exercise in relation to sex and concurrent changes in age, body mass, fat-free mass (FFM), maturity status and, in the case of MP, peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]).
PP and MP were determined cycling against a fixed braking force (Wingate anaerobic test) and running on a non-motorized treadmill. Peak [Formula: see text] was determined using cycle ergometry and treadmill running. 135 (63 girls) students initially aged 11-14 years were tested over 2 days on three annual occasions. The data were analysed using multiplicative allometric modelling which enables the effects of variables to be partitioned concurrently within an allometric framework. Multiplicative models were founded on 301 (138 from girls) determinations of PP and MP on each ergometer.
With body mass controlled for, both PP and MP increased with age but maturity status did not independently contribute to any of the multiplicative allometric models. Boys' PP and MP were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than girls' values on both ergometers. On both ergometers in both sexes, the most powerful morphological influence on PP and MP was FFM. Ergometer-specific peak [Formula: see text] had a significant (p < 0.05), additional effect in explaining the development of MP.
The development of short-term power output is sex specific but within sex multiplicative allometric models of running- and cycling-determined PP and MP were similar, suggesting that either mode of exercise can be used in future studies of short-term power output in youth.
研究两种不同运动模式下的峰值功率输出（PP）和平均功率输出（MP）随性别和年龄、体重、去脂体重（FFM）、成熟度状态的变化，以及在 MP 的情况下，峰值摄氧量（[Formula: see text]）的变化。
通过对抗固定制动力（Wingate 无氧测试）和在非电动跑步机上跑步来确定 PP 和 MP。使用功率自行车和跑步机来确定峰值 [Formula: see text]。135 名（63 名女生）年龄在 11-14 岁的学生最初在三年中的三个年度场合进行了为期两天的测试。使用乘法异速生长模型对数据进行分析，该模型允许在异速生长框架内同时对变量的影响进行分区。乘法模型是基于每个测力计上 301 次（女生 138 次）PP 和 MP 的测定结果建立的。
在控制体重的情况下，PP 和 MP 随年龄增长而增加，但成熟度状态并没有独立贡献于任何乘法异速生长模型。在两个测力计上，男孩的 PP 和 MP 都显著（p<0.05）高于女孩的值。在两个测力计上，在两种性别中，对 PP 和 MP 最有影响力的形态学因素是 FFM。在两种性别中，特定于测力计的峰值 [Formula: see text] 对 MP 的发展有显著（p<0.05）的额外影响。
短期功率输出的发展具有性别特异性，但在性别内，跑步和骑自行车确定的 PP 和 MP 的乘法异速生长模型是相似的，这表明在未来的青少年短期功率输出研究中，可以使用任何一种运动模式。
