Selecting the most competent sperm for assisted reproductive technologies.

This paper discusses the variety of effective sperm selection techniques that have been developed for use in assisted reproductive technologies. Available methods for isolating the competent sperm in an ejaculate are outlined, as well as techniques for selecting single sperm for use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedures. Case-specific methods for selecting the most competent sperm are discussed, with reference to the potential causes of male factor infertility and guidance for the embryologist based on the issues present for each couple seeking treatment.