Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Environ Int. 2019 Jul;128:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.049. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
It has been suggested that adults who use cleaning agents in their homes have a higher risk of asthma and allergic symptoms. The associations of asthma and allergic symptoms with household use of cleaning agents in adolescents have not been investigated yet.
To examine the associations of household cleaning agents use with the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in adolescents.
In this cross-sectional analysis, we included participants of the PIAMA birth cohort study with data on household use of 10 types of cleaning agents and information on asthma, rhinitis and/or eczema from parent-completed questionnaires at age 14 (N = 2333). For the cleaning agents, we developed a composite score ranging from 0 (no exposure) to 30 points (household use on 4-7 days per week for all 10 types of cleaning agents). Logistic regression was used to analyse associations between household cleaning agents use (composite score and specific cleaning agents) and outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.
Seven, 13 and 11% of the participants had asthma, rhinitis and eczema, respectively, at age 14. The composite score for household use of cleaning agents was not associated with asthma, rhinitis and eczema. For instance, adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema comparing those with the highest use of cleaning agents (≥10 points) to those with never/seldom use (0-4 points) were 0.95 (0.56, 1.63), 1.23 (0.82, 1.82) and 0.95 (0.56, 1.63), respectively. For individual cleaning agents, we only found the use of ammonia to be significantly associated with a lower risk of rhinitis [0.60, (0.44, 0.82)].
There was no indication of an increased prevalence of asthma, rhinitis or eczema among adolescents living in households within the highest category of cleaning agents use.
有研究表明，在家中使用清洁剂的成年人患哮喘和过敏症状的风险更高。然而，青少年在家中使用清洁剂与哮喘和过敏症状之间的关联尚未得到调查。
研究青少年家中使用清洁剂与哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹患病率之间的关联。
在这项横断面分析中，我们纳入了 PIAMA 出生队列研究的参与者，这些参与者的数据包括家中使用 10 种清洁剂的情况，以及家长在 14 岁时通过问卷报告的哮喘、鼻炎和/或湿疹信息（共 2333 名参与者）。对于清洁剂，我们开发了一个复合评分，范围从 0（无暴露）到 30 分（家中每周使用 4-7 天所有 10 种清洁剂）。使用逻辑回归分析家中使用清洁剂（复合评分和特定清洁剂）与结局之间的关联，调整潜在混杂因素。
分别有 7%、13%和 11%的参与者在 14 岁时患有哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹。家庭使用清洁剂的复合评分与哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹均无关联。例如，与从不/很少使用清洁剂（0-4 分）相比，使用清洁剂最多（≥10 分）的参与者，其哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹的患病率的调整比值比（95%置信区间）分别为 0.95（0.56，1.63）、1.23（0.82，1.82）和 0.95（0.56，1.63）。对于个别清洁剂，我们只发现使用氨与鼻炎的风险降低显著相关[0.60，（0.44，0.82）]。
在家中使用清洁剂最多的青少年中，没有迹象表明哮喘、鼻炎或湿疹的患病率增加。
