Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstrasse 1, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany.
New Phytol. 2019 Sep;223(4):1762-1769. doi: 10.1111/nph.15872. Epub 2019 May 24.
Photorespiration is frequently considered a wasteful and inefficient process. However, mutant analysis demonstrated that photorespiration is essential for recycling of 2-phosphoglycolate in C and C land plants, in algae, and even in cyanobacteria operating carboxysome-based carbon (C) concentrating mechanisms. Photorespiration links photosynthetic C assimilation with other metabolic processes, such as nitrogen and sulfur assimilation, as well as C metabolism, and it may contribute to balancing the redox poise between chloroplasts, peroxisomes, mitochondria and cytoplasm. The high degree of metabolic interdependencies and the pleiotropic phenotypes of photorespiratory mutants impedes the distinction between core and accessory functions. Newly developed synthetic bypasses of photorespiration, beyond holding potential for significant yield increases in C crops, will enable us to differentiate between essential and accessory functions of photorespiration.
光合作用经常被认为是一种浪费和低效的过程。然而，突变体分析表明，光合作用对于 C3 和 C4 陆地植物、藻类，甚至在基于羧体的碳（C）浓缩机制的蓝细菌中 2-磷酸甘油酸的回收是必不可少的。光合作用将光合作用的 C 同化与其他代谢过程（如氮和硫同化以及 C 代谢）联系起来，它可能有助于平衡叶绿体、过氧化物酶体、线粒体和细胞质之间的氧化还原平衡。高度的代谢相互依存关系和光合作用突变体的多效表型阻碍了核心功能和辅助功能之间的区分。新开发的光合作用合成旁路，除了在 C 作物的显著增产方面具有潜力外，还将使我们能够区分光合作用的必需功能和辅助功能。
