Heymsfield S B, Hill J O, Evert M, Casper K, DiGirolamo M
Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Mar;45(3):526-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/45.3.526.
Influence of intragastric formula infusion rate on resting thermogenesis was evaluated in 24 healthy subjects. Metabolic rate (M) was measured by indirect calorimetry following an overnight fast. Subgroups then received a continuous intragastric infusion of a formula diet at three levels: submaintenance (mean +/- SEM, 1.02 +/- 0.04 times fasting M, n = 6), maintenance (1.39 +/- 0.01 times fasting M, n = 20), or supramaintenance (2.77 +/- 0.2 times fasting M, n = 14). Formula inflow was started in the evening, and intraprandial M was measured throughout the following day. Relative to fasting, submaintenance and maintenance infusions produced no detectable change in M. With supramaintenance infusion, M increased significantly (10.1%, p less than 0.05) above fasting level. Hence during continuous formula infusion a rise in M above fasting occurs only when rate of energy infusion exceeds rate of thermal energy losses. These results have implications in regard to energetic efficiency of continuous fuel infusion relative to intermittent food or formula ingestion.
在24名健康受试者中评估了胃内配方奶输注速率对静息产热的影响。在禁食过夜后，通过间接测热法测量代谢率（M）。然后将受试者分为亚组，分别以三种水平持续胃内输注配方奶饮食：亚维持量（均值±标准误，禁食M的1.02±0.04倍，n = 6）、维持量（禁食M的1.39±0.01倍，n = 20）或超维持量（禁食M的2.77±0.2倍，n = 14）。配方奶输入在晚上开始，并在接下来的一整天测量进餐期间的M。相对于禁食状态，亚维持量和维持量输注对M没有可检测到的变化。在超维持量输注时，M比禁食水平显著增加（10.1%，p<0.05）。因此，在持续输注配方奶期间，只有当能量输注速率超过热能损失速率时，M才会高于禁食水平。这些结果对于连续输注燃料相对于间歇性摄入食物或配方奶的能量效率具有启示意义。
