下肢压缩装备对耐力跑运动员运动诱导性肌肉损伤和表现标志物影响的研究：一项前瞻性随机对照试验。
Investigation of the Impact of Below-Knee Compression Garments on Markers of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Performance in Endurance Runners: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.
机构信息
Division of Exercise Science & Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Sports Science Institute of South Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2019 May/Jun;11(3):254-264. doi: 10.1177/1941738119837644. Epub 2019 Apr 29.
BACKGROUND
Compression garment utilization is very popular among runners despite a lack of consensus in the literature regarding a beneficial impact. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of training and competing with compression garments on exercise-induced muscle damage and performance in ultramarathon runners.
HYPOTHESIS
Compression garments will reduce the severity of exercise-induced muscle damage and improve performance in long-distance runners compared with control conditions.
STUDY DESIGN
Prospective, randomized controlled trial.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 1.
METHODS
The study was conducted in healthy, uninjured endurance runners (n = 41) participating in a 56-km ultramarathon. The experimental group (n = 20; 14 males, 6 females) trained for 6 weeks and participated in the race wearing below-knee compression garments while the control group (n = 21; 15 males, 6 females) did not. Participants were tested on 4 occasions for various markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and running performance.
RESULTS
Ankle circumference measurements increased significantly less ( P = 0.01, Cohen d = 0.9) in the experimental group from immediately after until 2 days post-race compared with the control group. No further statistically significant changes were detected over time in midcalf circumferences, muscle architecture, or race performance. Selected pain ratings were statistically significant and worse in the experimental group.
CONCLUSION
There are limited indications of a beneficial impact of compression garments with improvements in ankle circumference measurements. No ergogenic impact was detected.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
There is limited evidence to support the continued utilization of commercially available below-knee compression garments during running for the purpose of muscle recovery or as a performance aid.
背景
尽管文献中缺乏关于有益影响的共识，但压缩服装在跑步者中非常流行。本研究旨在调查在超长距离跑步者中训练和比赛时穿着压缩服装对运动引起的肌肉损伤和表现的影响。
假设
与对照条件相比，压缩服装将减轻运动引起的肌肉损伤的严重程度，并提高长跑运动员的表现。
研究设计
前瞻性、随机对照试验。
证据水平
1 级。
方法
本研究在参加 56 公里超长距离马拉松的健康、未受伤的耐力跑步者（n = 41）中进行。实验组（n = 20；14 名男性，6 名女性）训练 6 周，并在比赛中穿着小腿以下的压缩服装，而对照组（n = 21；15 名男性，6 名女性）则不穿。参与者在 4 次不同的时间接受了运动引起的肌肉损伤和跑步表现的各种标志物测试。
结果
与对照组相比，实验组的踝关节周长测量值在比赛后立即至 2 天内显著增加（P = 0.01，Cohen d = 0.9）。从中腿周长、肌肉结构或比赛表现来看，没有进一步的统计学上的时间变化。选择的疼痛评分在实验组中具有统计学意义且更差。
结论
有有限的迹象表明压缩服装对改善踝关节周长测量值有有益的影响。没有发现任何增效作用。
临床相关性
有有限的证据支持在跑步时继续使用市售的小腿以下压缩服装，以达到肌肉恢复或作为性能辅助的目的。
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