Beliard Samuel, Chauveau Michel, Moscatiello Timothée, Cros François, Ecarnot Fiona, Becker François
Service de Cardiologie, Angiologie, Centre Hospitalier Louis Pasteur , Dole, France ; EA3920 Marqueurs Pronostiques et Facteurs de Régulations des Pathologies Cardiaques et Vasculaires, Université de Franche-Comté , Besançon, France ; EA4267 Fonctions et dysfonctions épithéliales, Université de Franche-Comté , Besançon, France.
Laboratoires Innothera, Département de Biophysique , Arcueil, France.
J Sports Sci Med. 2015 Mar 1;14(1):75-83. eCollection 2015 Mar.
Compression garments on the lower limbs are increasingly popular among athletes who wish to improve performance, reduce exercise-induced discomfort, and reduce the risk of injury. However, the beneficial effects of compression garments have not been clearly established. We performed a review of the literature for prospective, randomized, controlled studies, using quantified lower limb compression in order to (1) describe the beneficial effects that have been identified with compression garments, and in which conditions; and (2) investigate whether there is a relation between the pressure applied and the reported effects. The pressure delivered were measured either in laboratory conditions on garments identical to those used in the studies, or derived from publication data. Twenty three original articles were selected for inclusion in this review. The effects of wearing compression garments during exercise are controversial, as most studies failed to demonstrate a beneficial effect on immediate or performance recovery, or on delayed onset of muscle soreness. There was a trend towards a beneficial effect of compression garments worn during recovery, with performance recovery found to be improved in the five studies in which this was investigated, and delayed-onset muscle soreness was reportedly reduced in three of these five studies. There is no apparent relation between the effects of compression garments worn during or after exercise and the pressures applied, since beneficial effects were obtained with both low and high pressures. Wearing compression garments during recovery from exercise seems to be beneficial for performance recovery and delayed-onset muscle soreness, but the factors explaining this efficacy remain to be elucidated. Key pointsWe observed no relationship between the effects of compression and the pressures applied.The pressure applied at the level of the lower limb by compression garments destined for use by athletes varies widely between products.There are conflict results regarding the effects of wearing compression garments during exercise.There is a trend towards a beneficial effect of compression garments worn during recovery.
下肢压缩衣物在希望提高运动表现、减轻运动引起的不适并降低受伤风险的运动员中越来越受欢迎。然而，压缩衣物的有益效果尚未明确确立。我们对文献进行了回顾，以寻找前瞻性、随机、对照研究，这些研究使用量化的下肢压缩，目的是：(1) 描述已确定的压缩衣物的有益效果以及在哪些情况下有这些效果；(2) 研究施加的压力与报告的效果之间是否存在关联。所施加的压力要么在实验室条件下对与研究中使用的相同的衣物进行测量，要么从发表的数据中推导得出。本综述纳入了23篇原创文章。运动期间穿着压缩衣物的效果存在争议，因为大多数研究未能证明其对即时或运动表现恢复、或对延迟性肌肉酸痛有有益效果。恢复期间穿着压缩衣物有呈现出有益效果的趋势，在所调查的五项研究中发现运动表现恢复得到改善，在这五项研究中的三项中据报道延迟性肌肉酸痛有所减轻。运动期间或之后穿着压缩衣物的效果与所施加的压力之间没有明显关联，因为无论是低压还是高压都获得了有益效果。运动恢复期间穿着压缩衣物似乎对运动表现恢复和延迟性肌肉酸痛有益，但解释这种功效的因素仍有待阐明。要点我们观察到压缩效果与所施加的压力之间没有关系。供运动员使用的压缩衣物在下肢水平施加的压力因产品而异。关于运动期间穿着压缩衣物的效果存在相互矛盾的结果。恢复期间穿着压缩衣物有呈现出有益效果的趋势。
