Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 29;16(9):1522. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16091522.
: The association between age and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is still under debate. While some research shows older age is associated with better HRQoL, other studies show no or negative association between age and HRQoL. In addition, while the association between age and HRQoL may depend on race, ethnicity, gender, and their intersections, most previous research on this link has been performed in predominantly White Middle Class. : To explore gender differences in the association between age and mental and physical HRQoL in a sample of economically disadvantaged African American (AA) older adults. : This cross-sectional survey was conducted in South Los Angeles between 2015 to 2018. A total number of 740 economically disadvantaged AA older adults (age ≥ 55 years) were enrolled in this study, using non-random sampling. This includes 266 AA men and 474 AA women. The independent variable of interest was age. Dependent variables of interest were physical component scores (PCS) and mental component scores (MCS), two main summary scores of the HRQoL, measured using Short Form-12 (SF-12). Gender was the moderator. Socioeconomic status (educational attainment and financial difficulty) were covariates. Linear regression models were used to analyze the data. : AA women reported worse PCS; however, gender did not impact MCS. In the pooled sample, high age was associated with better PCS and MCS. In the pooled sample, a significant interaction was found between gender and age on PCS, suggesting a stronger effect of age on PCS for AA men than AA women. In gender-stratified models, older age was associated with better PCS for AA men but not AA women. Older age was similarly and positively associated with better MCS for AA men and women. : There may be some gender differences in the implications of ageing for the physical HRQoL of AA older adults. It is unclear how old age may have a boosting effect on physical HRQoL for AA men but not AA women. Future research should test gender differences in the effect of age on physical health indicators such as chronic disease as well as cognitive processes involved in the evaluation of own's health in AA men and women.
年龄与健康相关的生活质量（HRQoL）之间的关系仍存在争议。虽然一些研究表明年龄较大与更好的 HRQoL 相关，但其他研究表明年龄与 HRQoL 之间没有关联或负相关。此外，虽然年龄与 HRQoL 之间的关系可能取决于种族、民族、性别及其交叉因素，但关于这一联系的大多数先前研究都是在以白人中产阶级为主的人群中进行的。
探讨经济处于不利地位的非裔美国人（AA）老年人样本中年龄与心理健康和身体健康 HRQoL 之间的关系中的性别差异。
这是一项横断面调查，于 2015 年至 2018 年在南洛杉矶进行。共有 740 名经济上处于不利地位的 AA 老年人（年龄≥55 岁）参与了这项研究，采用非随机抽样。其中包括 266 名 AA 男性和 474 名 AA 女性。感兴趣的自变量是年龄。感兴趣的因变量是身体成分评分（PCS）和心理成分评分（MCS），这是 HRQoL 的两个主要综合评分，使用简短形式-12（SF-12）进行测量。性别是调节变量。社会经济地位（教育程度和经济困难）是协变量。线性回归模型用于分析数据。
AA 女性报告的 PCS 较差；然而，性别对 MCS 没有影响。在汇总样本中，年龄较大与 PCS 和 MCS 较好相关。在汇总样本中，发现性别和年龄对 PCS 的交互作用具有统计学意义，这表明年龄对 AA 男性 PCS 的影响强于 AA 女性。在性别分层模型中，年龄较大与 AA 男性的 PCS 较好相关，但与 AA 女性无关。年龄较大与 AA 男性和女性的 MCS 较好呈相似的正相关。
AA 老年女性可能存在一些年龄对其身体健康的影响方面的性别差异。尚不清楚年龄如何对 AA 男性的身体健康产生促进作用，而对 AA 女性则没有。未来的研究应该测试年龄对 AA 男性和女性的慢性疾病等身体健康指标以及与自身健康评估相关的认知过程的影响方面的性别差异。
